Unfortunately there is no easy way to check most of the 1287, 12887, 1387, 1587 (or equal) type RTC because they cut the battery pins off or use them internal to the black box.
The only way to check is to grind a bit of the plastic to expose those two pins (like you were doing an ext. battery mod) and then use a voltmeter to check. iirc a few of the versions you only need to grind where the +bat is and check it against ground.
added: I can confirm that on a DS12887 series that you only need to grind-n-find the bat + at pin 20. The bat - is tied to the ground pin 12 (and pin 16 but that would be missing).
Hate posting a reply and then have to edit it because it made no sense 😁 First computer was an IBM 3270 workstation with CGA monitor. Stuff: https://archive.org/details/@horun