While it's possible that the capacitors were the only casualties, it's not recommended to just swap them and power the PSU. Use a multimeter to check all the active components on the primary side (north of the two transformers in the first photo), especially the bridge rectifier and transistors Q1 and Q2. You can also measure resistors in-circuit; it's not the "right" way to do it, but if you find one that measures higher than it should you know it is blown open.

After you are sure every part is OK, for the initial power-on you can use the lightbulb trick.

As always, you must exercise extreme caution when working inside the PSU, always disconnected from mains and after making sure the main capacitors are discharged. And don't forget to set the switch to 230V 😀

LuckyPiquel wrote on 2020-03-23, 11:20:

What should I remember, and look for, before stating this repair?

Is it worth it? I don't think so. Simple non-proprietary PSUs are cheap and not worth repairing.
But it's not always about money, it's fun to bring things back to life.
If the fuse didn't blow that means that the big capacitors already drew too much current and likely killed Q1 and Q2, replace them.
BD1 will likely be fine.

In addition to Q1, Q2 and the two bulk caps you should probably replace the two varistors, ZNR1 and ZNR2. Those are there to protect other components from voltage spikes, and in some cases they may blow up and short so that the fuse pops before more damage is done. I had the same accident as you (forgot to set the switch to 220V) with a Seasonic power supply that was saved by a varistor, I only had to replace that and the fuse, but it's not always guaranteed that the caps and switching transistors will survive.

As mentioned above, if you feel comfortable replacing PSU components and the replacement costs are not too high it's fun to attempt a revival.

YES.
If fuse didn't blow most likely there are no other casualties.
Looks like a fair unit.

If you have some spare caps, yes, it is worth it. Just remember to test the unit somewhere outside, away from you, in case it blows again, so you don't hurt yourself.

Thank you all for a really helpful opinions and advices!!! As some of you suggested I will attempt to repair this PSU at least for fun. I would be scared to plug the most expensive parts to this PSU, but hey, right now I am simply interested if it can run again! This will be also great oppprtunity to learn something new about electronics. Of course I will be extremely cautious at each step, and remember to switch it to 230V 😀

So, referring to your answers, I will solder new caps, and test all the active components on the primary side (replacing them if needed). Maybe the casualties are not that bad, the fuse looks to be ok.

If you replace the caps I suggest you to check R4 and R5
(both 100k near them), if they fail open the new caps may
blow in few minutes.