Update on testing and General MIDI compatibility. I'd been testing with both Abuse and Whiplash, both of which have the same issues with GM playback. They each fail to initialize the MPU-401 device.
I had previously discovered that running other games setup programs and testing GM playback, followed by launching these games and then they would play General MIDI just fine.
Launching other games' setup programs is a bit of a pain. Instead, I found an application GSPLAY which can initialize General MIDI from the DOS prompt. It can be downloaded from DOS Days (under DOS Tools): https://dosdays.co.uk/topics/midi.php
Launching this application with the command line "GSPLAY GM" initializes General MIDI playback. Subsequently launching Abuse or Whiplash then results in proper General MIDI playback.
I tested this thoroughly in Whiplash playing through full races and having the game undergo multiple music switches. Did further testing in Abuse as well. No issues were noted.
I've updated the Pentium 4 testing accordingly. I still need to test the same with the 486 and Pentium 100 setups, but at least it appears that for games which fail to initialize MPU-401 playback there is an easy solution.