Get an unsoldered socket 1 socket (or two) to lift your overdrive up and mount it with pin’s hanging over and it should work fine.

If your board needs the now rate interposer you are likely out of luck.

As far as I'm aware no such adapters existed or were ever made.

Socket 0 (the original 486 socket) and Socket 1 only had 168 and 169 pins respectively. Socket 2 added an additional row of pins (for a total of 238 pins) to specifically provide support for the Pentium Overdrive Processor.
Based on the below article on Wikipedia, I doubt that it will be able to function properly in any Socket 0 or Socket 1 motherboard (the motherboard will likely be too old).

You require at least a Socket 2 or greater motherboard (preferably from post-1994 onwards) to enjoy proper support for that CPU - refer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_OverDrive

Odd little project: Socket1 P24T conversion