I'm speaking under correction, but I believe floppy drives are configured by jumpers on XTs.
Because, if no Real-Time Clock (RTC) is installed, there's no place were BIOS settings could be stored.
On PC/AT computers, a small part of the RTC's internal memory is used to hold the configuration data.
But since most XTs do lack an internal RTC (they sometimes had ISA cards with clock modules installed), ..
The HDD settings might be installed on the HDD itself.
That's, at least, how things were done on systems with early MFM/RLL HDDs.
You would invoke the HDD controller's low-level formatting routine ("debug g=E800:0" etc), do the HDD setup
and the routine then would perform the formatting and store a few parameters on some cylinders etc.
During POST, the PC/XT BIOS would find the HDD controller's option-ROM and hand over control to it.
The initial boot-process would have then been done by the boot code stored in the MFM/RLL controller's ROM chip.
It would load DOS and make the drive geometry available via the usual interrupt calls, just like a modern PC's main BIOS would.
Sorry for my poor English, hope the text can be read still. 🙁
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