It will take a handful of parts to handle the multiplexing, you certainly don't need a MCU although parts count is a lot lower that way.
It could possibly be done with few logic chips and some passives to handle digit driving and oscillator. There's only few segments different between the HI and LO which helps to make the design much simpler compared to neding some arbitrary change. It will still take a bunch of parts compared to MCU or using non-muxed display.

Any idea where I can find an example of such circuit?

Many original turbo displays just used some simple transistors to perform the display switching. You can view old datasheets for them, since some show the circuit design.

Example..

wiretap wrote on 2023-04-04, 11:42:

Many original turbo displays just used some simple transistors to perform the display switching. You can view old datasheets for them, since some show the circuit design.

Example..

Thanks, I actually found that too, but I think that this diagram is for a 16 pin display which can address each segment individually...
I may not have been clear. I am looking for a way to use the 10 pin display, without a dedicated IC or some micro controller.

Well, the 10-pin display needs to be multiplexed, so you're going to need integrated circuits, unless you want to build the entire thing out of discrete gates using transistors which would be ginormous.

wiretap wrote on 2023-04-04, 13:02:

Well, the 10-pin display needs to be multiplexed, so you're going to need integrated circuits, unless you want to build the entire thing out of discrete gates using transistors which would be ginormous.

That's what I was afraid of. I guess I'll wait for the 16 pin display to arrive.

BTW, I had an idea of recreating the pcb of one of the simpler displays, like the K-568.
I never created such PCB from scratch though. Any idea if such project already exists? Some Gerber file that I can just send to JLCPCB and such?

You'd have to design your own using a software like KiCAD, Altium, Eagle, etc. But yes, I have already made several turbo displays. The projects are posted here on Vogons and on my Github.

wiretap wrote on 2023-04-04, 13:25:

You'd have to design your own using a software like KiCAD, Altium, Eagle, etc. But yes, I have already made several turbo displays. The projects are posted here on Vogons and on my Github.

Oh I didn't realize you're the author of this: Fabricating a New Turbo Display 😀
I don't think that I'll be able to reverse engineer the board, especially from pictures. I hoped someone already did the hard job 😜
Maybe someday I'll crack open one of my cases and try to do it.

For reverse engineering, the best thing to do is to pickup a turbo display off ebay. I bought quite a few before those projects, and they can usually be obtained for less than $20. Or, try grabbing an old AT case that has one in it -- although many people want $100+ for those now. Setting search alerts and waiting a while helps, since every once in a while you can get the AT cases for $50 or less. They sell quick though.