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History of 3Dfx Graphics cards Vol. 1

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First post, by yjfy

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History of 3Dfx Graphics cards Vol. 1
yjfy

In Mar 1994, Gary Tarolli ,Scott Sellers and Ross Smith, he created a little company called 3Dfx Interactive.On COMDEX on November 6, 1995, 3Dfx announced Voodoo Graphics.On December 15, 2000, 3dfx was acquired by Nvidia.
The 3Dfx Voodoo series of graphics cards once occupied the dominance of 3D graphics cards for five years. The glorious years of 3Dfx have to be m
1.Voodoo Graphicsemorable...

Voodoo graphics chip consists of a texture processor chip (FBI) and a pixel processor chip (TMU).Voodoo Graphics has included level-of-detail (LOD) MIP mapping, bi-linear and advanced filtering and SVGA resolution support. In addition, the chipset delivers realistic imagery through sub-pixel correction, alpha blending, and anti-aliasing.
Voodoo Graphics also supports special effects for even greater game impact. These include per-pixel effects such as fog, translucency, and transparency, texture compositing, a variety of lighting techniques, texture morphing, animated textures, and reflection mapping.
On October 3, 1996, Orchid Technology took the lead in selling Voodoo video card, followed by Diamond Multimedia Systems, Inc. The outstanding 3 D performance of Voodoo graphics card made it occupy 85% of the market in 1997. After more than 20 years, Voodoo graphics cards are still so attractive.

Technical specification of Voodoo Graphics (SST-1) :
Video memory capacity:4/6/8/10/12MB (2/4MB Frame Buffer, 2/4/6/8MB texture buffer.)
Bus type:EDO RAM
Bus interface:PCI
Core clock:50 MHz
Memory clock:50 MHz
Triangle processing speed/s:1M
Pixels/s:45-50M
Textels/s:45-50M
RAMDAC:110 MHz
Maximum resolution:4MB 640x480,6MB 800x600
Fab (nm):500 nm

1.1 3Dfx

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1.1.1 Obsidian Green version Chip Evaluation board

Obsidian SB50-2200 green graphics card is a chip evaluation board. It is the earliest and least Voodoo graphics card known by 3Dfx. PCB date 9615 weeks,There are only 4 cards in the world, which belong to the top 4 graphics card collectors. Obsidian SB50-2200 green graphics card PCB# 600-0002-04, PCB# 600-0002-01/02/03 version did not appear.It may be that none of these 3 versions work, and it is deemed that the core secrets of 3Dfx have been completely destroyed. PCB# 600-0002-04 version is basically available before it can be retained.

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The beautiful 3Dfx Logo laser sticker on the card can easily be mistaken for the DEMO version. The 3Dfx logo and characters on the chip on the card are all sprayed silver paint, which is very three-dimensional, which is different from the usual white printing later.
Pixel Processor TMU chip number 500-0002-01 is packaged in a 208-pin PQFP, chip date 9612 weeks, The official version of the chip is 500-0004-02.

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Texture Processors FBI chip number 500-0001-02 is packaged in a 240-pin PQFP, chip date 9609 weeks, 240 pins. The official version of the chip is 500-0003-03.

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FAB No. 600-0002-04,quite early.FAB No.600-0001-01 is 3Dfx first product "Game Control Interface".

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From tdfx.de

Last edited by yjfy on 2021-01-21, 05:22. Edited 1 time in total.

Reply 1 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.2 Obsidian Black version Chip Evaluation board
The picture of Obsidian Black version Chip Evaluation board is only available on the 3Dfx website. It is similar to the green version in that there are laser stickers and welding positions for square crystals.There is a resistor array at the bottom of display memory is similar to the later version. PCB# is among 600-0003 to 600-0011.

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Reply 2 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.3 Obsidian Product Evaluation board
Obsidian Product Evaluation board PCB#600-0013-01.
1.1.3.1 Obsidian SB50-2440 Engineering sample
Obsidian SB50-2440 Engineering sample graphics card PCB date is 9619 weeks.

 

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(This picture from 3dfx.cz may be the seller's picture, more than the buyer Gary's picture on the back.)

Reply 3 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.3.2 Obsidian 100DB-4440 Engineering sample
In theory, all Obsidian graphics cards can be connected with SLI because they all reserve SLI ports. The first Obsidian SLI object is the Obsidian 100DB-4440 Engineering sample, which is connected by two Obsidian SB50-2440 Engineering sample SLI graphics cards. It is the collection of "King of Voodoo Graphics" Gary.
Obsidian 100DB-4440 Engineering sample
 

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From the figure below, you can see that the original design of the Obsidian PCB#600-0013-01 version of the graphics card does not fully support SLI. Additional components and adjustments to the SLI circuit are required. The problem encountered by this engineering sample is that the Obsidian PCB#600-0013-02 version of the graphics card only strengthens the back SLI circuit part. It was not until the Obsidian pro graphics card specially designed for SLI that the front SLI circuit was perfected and the SLI connection was well achieved.

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Reply 4 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.4 Obsidian 

Obsidian PCB#600-0013-02 is a finalized product board. Compared with PCB#600-0013-01 and PCB#600-0013-02 version of Obsidian graphics cards, the main change is that PCB#600-0013-02 version adds P1 interface and The SLI circuit on the back is reinforced.
There are different opinions on the engineering samples of PCB#600-0013-02 Obsidian graphics cards, especially some early PCB#600-0013-02 Obsidian graphics cards are still used in arcades (Arcade), which leads to the general belief that this version does not have Engineering samples, even Qualification Sample is not recognized.
The PCB#600-0013-02 version of the Obsidian graphics card began to paste the ASSY No. label, indicating that it has officially entered the product period from the prototype period, and the PCB#600-0013-02 version is the retail version.
Orchid Righteous 3D passed FCCID certification on July 24, 1996, and did not retail until October 3,And some of the chips used in retail video cards are still engineering samples,As a result, Voodoo chip has problems such as low YIELD RATE and insufficient capacity.3dfx still takes a long time to test and adjust.So there's still Engineering sample or Qualification Sample. in the early Obsidian 02 version graphics cards.The official version of the voodoo chipset number 500-0004-02 and 500-0003-03,Early chips that are not numbered like this are actually engineering sample-level chips.
PCB#600-0013-02 version of Obsidian graphics card has only three PCB dates found, 9624/9625/9628 weeks. The Obsidian whose PCB date is 9624/9625 weeks has Engineering sample or Qualification Sample.

1.1.4.1 PCB date 9624 Weeks

Due to limited information, PCB#600-0013-02 of 9624 weeks is suspected to be the first batch of PCBs, and there are engineering samples in this batch of graphics cards. The PCB#600-0013-02 of 9624weeks has very few Obsidian graphics cards.
Probably because PCB#600-0013-02 is mature and reliable, the remaining small number of 9624 Weeks PCB boards and 500-0004-01 engineering sample chips were used in later graphics cards to produce the following Obsidian SB50-2200 graphics cards.
Obsidian SB50-2200
 

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Reply 5 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.4.2 PCB date 9625 Weeks

More Obsidian graphics cards with PCB date of 9625 weeks,Using an early chipset or with a "µ test" sticker may be a qualification sample or customer sample, or even an engineering sample. "μ test" seems to be suitable for PC testing, and the tested Obsidian graphics cards are obviously not used for retail.
Obsidian SB50-2200 Qualification Sample
  

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Reply 6 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.4.3 PCB date 9628 Weeks

PCB date is 9628 weeks of video card is the official product, the largest number. Most of them are equipped with ASSY No. "650 -???? -??" and "USA" stickers.It is already a Quantum3D product.
Obsidian SB50-2200

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Reply 7 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.4.4 Amethyst

Amethyst daughtercard has added a TMU chip, which is simply to make voodoo into voodoo 2, so the number of obsidians equipped with Amethyst daughtercard is very small. After all, 3dfx will continue to sell voodoo 2!It's just that Voodoo2 chip is optimized on the basis of Voodoo chip. The process is also increased from 500nm to 350nm, and the working core clock is increased from 50MHz to 90MHz, and the performance is naturally greatly improved.

The sb50-2200 model is interpreted as follows:
SB50: single card, double card is 100 DB. (50 for 50 Megapixels/Second and 100 for 100 Megapixels/Second.)
2200: the first digit is 2MB of video memory equipped with the FBI chip, up to 4MB at most; the second digit is 2MB of video memory equipped with the TMU chip, up to 4MB at most; the third digit is the video memory equipped with the TMU chip on the Amethyst daughter card, 0 represents that there is no Amethyst daughter card, with the Amethyst card, the video memory can be 2MB or 4MB; the fourth digit is 0, it is rumored that there is a daughter card that can support the third TMU chip, It's never been there.

1.1.4.4.1 PCB#600-0003-01 2MB Engineering sample
This version only has a 2MB video memory version, which is an Engineering sample, and only one piece was found, which is Gary’s green Obsidian SB50-2220 original daughter card.
Amethyst 50-0020 Engineering sample & Obsidian SB50-2200 ES
 

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Reply 8 of 65, by yjfy

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 1.1.4.4.2 PCB#600-0014-01 2MB

Amethyst daughtercard used to print fccid number and FCC certification mark, and later used black tape to mask fccid number and FCC certification mark. 3dfx also pastes FCC certification mark on each Obsidian video card, and engineering samples are no exception. This led to the identification of the Obsidian graphics card as engineering sample and qualification sample being misled by the FCC certification mark. Because according to common sense, all FCC certified video cards are official products, and both the Obsidian video card and the Amethyst daughtercard have this FCC certification mark. Through the query of fccid: mh2amepro001, it is found that this ID number does not exist at all, and 3dfx has not passed the ID certification of FCC. Only 3dfx was queried to obtain the grant code of MH2 on April 14, 1998.

The following is a 2MB Amethyst daughtercard with the fccid number covered with black tape. The one equipped with Amethyst daughtercard is Obsidian sb50-4220.

Amethyst 50-0020 & Obsidian SB50-4200
 

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Reply 9 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.4.4.3 PCB#600-0014-01 4MB

Here is the Amethyst daughtercard of 4MB video memory.

Amethyst 50-0040
 

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Installed on the Obsidian SB50-4400 graphics card will become the Obsidian SB50-4440 graphics card, which is not much different from the 12MB Voodoo2 graphics card.

Obsidian SB50-4440
 

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Last edited by yjfy on 2021-01-20, 15:33. Edited 1 time in total.

Reply 10 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.5 Obsidian Pro
Obsidian PRO is an Obsidian graphics card specially adjusted for SLI connection, taking into account the cost considerations, there are two major improvements, one is to improve the front SLI connection circuit, and the other is to remove most of the resistor array the front memory and other parts.

1.1.5.1 Obsidian PRO
Obsidian PRO graphics card FAB No.600-0013-05, PCB date is 9651 weeks, it can be seen that the completion of this SLI function is difficult, and it took six months to complete.

1.1.5.1.1 SLI Main card
The SLI connection special version is divided into main card and secondary card. The main card of Obsidian PRO SB50-2400 is as follows:
Obsidian PRO SB50-2400 Qualification sample
 

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Reply 11 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.5.1.2 SLI Secondary card
The Obsidian PRO SB50-2400 Secondary card is the same as the main card, except that the components that are not used for SLI connection are eliminated, see the following figure.

Obsidian PRO SB50-2400 Qualification sample
 

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Reply 13 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.5.2 Amethyst pro
The Amethyst pro daughter card is the original game daughter card of Obsidian PRO. Compared with the Amethyst daughter card, it mainly reduces the resistor array under the front video memory and 4MB video memory. PCB date is 9651 weeks. PCB# 600-0014-03.
The Amethyst pro 50-0040 daughtercard is shown in the figure below. The upper side is the back side and the lower side is the front side.
Amethyst pro 50-0040 Qualification sample

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Reply 14 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.5.3 Obsidian 100DB-4440 Qualification Sample
Two Obsidian PRO graphics cards installed with Amethyst pro daughter cards are connected by SLI cable to form Obsidian 100DB, also called Obsidian XS100.That is, the SLI connection of two Obsidian pro SB50-2440 graphics cards is the Obsidian 100DB-2440 graphics card. It is called Obsidian 100DB-4440 because it displays Obsidian 100DB-4440 after loading the driver.
Obsidian 100DB-4440 Qualification Sample
 

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I/ITSEC, ORLANDO, Fl., December 2, 1996 -- 3Dfx Interactive, Inc., along with several of its OEM, VAR, and System Integrator partners, today demonstrated the Obsidian XS-100. Based on an advanced configuration of 3Dfx Interactive's Voodoo Graphics chipset, the Obsidian XS-100 represents the high-end of 3Dfx Interactive's Obsidian family of professional realtime 3D graphics accelerators for PCs. With its 100 Megapixel/second, tri-linear-filtered, texture-mapping performance and $2,500 MSRP, the Obsidian XS-100 enables military and civilian visual simulation application developers and location-based-entertainment (LBE) system integrators to deploy PC-based systems, thereby replacing proprietary image generator (IG) and workstation solutions which typically are ten times the cost of equivalent levels of 3D performance. Current PCI-based 3D graphics products deliver less than one third of the tri-linear fill rate performance of the Obsidian XS-100. The Obsidian XS-100 will be sold through visual simulation and LBE system integrators, VARs, and OEMs this month.
The above passage comes from the 3Dfx website, which shows that Obsidian 100DB graphics card is a 3Dfx development project. In fact, 3Dfx will not be able to sell Obsidian 100DB as scheduled.
The performance of Obsidian's 100DB graphics card is close to Voodoo2 graphics card SLI connection. After SLI connection, the graphics card resolution supports 1024X768, which improves the performance by about 50%.

Reply 15 of 65, by yjfy

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1.1.6 Obsidian GE
There are several reference boards for Voodoo graphics cards. This Obsidian GE is a relatively late Reference board, PCB#600-0012-05, PCB date 9723weeks.

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From G1nX

Last edited by yjfy on 2021-01-20, 15:48. Edited 1 time in total.

Reply 16 of 65, by yjfy

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1.2 Quantum3D
31 March 1997, Founded by 3dfx, Gemini Technology and SGI co-founders, along with former Intel and Sun Microsystems employees including Ross Q. Smith, John Archdeacon, Charles "Herb" Kuta, Dan Downum, Phil Huelson, and Dale Stimson.Separated from 3Dfx on April 8, 1997, took the Obsidian brand and continued to develop 3dfx related products.
The establishment of Quantum3D is essentially the 3Dfx coveted the lucrative profits of the mid-to-high-end Voodoo card market. After Quantum3D was separated from 3Dfx, it participated in the development and production of Obsidian graphics cards for 3Dfx for a long period of time. Finally, it was also sold under the name Quantum3D. After cultivating a good team and accumulating a certain strength, Quantum3D took away the Obsidian brand and Obsidian-related assets, truly independent, and independently developed products.

1.2.1 3Dfx licensed products

1.2.1.1 Obsidian 100DB-4440
Because of the high positioning of Obsidian 100DB-4440 graphics card, the production is very small, and not many people know it, so that when you mention SLI, everyone will think that Voodoo2 graphics card is the ancestor of SLI. Obsidian 100DB-4440 was mainly used in sensitive areas and was destroyed after use. As a result, the remaining amount is extremely low, and only 7 pairs have been collected. The Obsidian 100DB-4440 graphics card, like the green Obsidian SB50-2200 graphics card, is the bellwether card of the Voodoo graphics card that is extremely difficult to collect.
Obsidian 100DB-4440

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Reply 17 of 65, by yjfy

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1.2.1.2 Obsidian SB50 series
The "Quantum3D installation guide" of the boxed Obsidian SB50-4440 graphics card is the first edition on August 29, 1997 (9735 week). This shows that Obsidian SB50 is mainly for professional users and avoids retail.
Obsidian SB50-4400
 

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   (From edmundoab)

The following Obsidian Pro SB50-2200 graphics cards are produced and sold after Quantum3D is completely free from 3Dfx. Quantum3D uses the more compact Obsidian pro board type.
 

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(From worthpoint.com)

Last edited by yjfy on 2021-01-20, 15:59. Edited 1 time in total.

Reply 18 of 65, by yjfy

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1.2.2 Self-Developed products
Quantum3D self-research products are all marked with its own logo.

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1.2.2.1 Obsidian SB50-4400TV
The Obsidian SB50-4400TV designed by Quantum3D has a video output and the Amethyst daughtercard is eliminated.

Obsidian SB50-4400TV

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Reply 19 of 65, by yjfy

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1.2.2.2 Obsidian 100SB-4440
Obsidian 100SB-4440 puts the two-card SLI Obsidian 100DB-4440 mentioned above on one card SLI. This design is very Niubility.

Obsidian 100SB-4440
 

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