VOGONS


First post, by RichB93

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Does anyone know anything about this? I recently picked up a Roland Realtime Arranger RA-90, which appears to be a very early device with a GS sound source inside - so early in fact, I think this is one of those devices that refers to GS as 'GS Standard'. This device is from early '91, so around the launch of the SC-55. The RA-90 ROM is dated May '91. The RA-90 seems a bit of an oddball device as it was made by Roland Italy, and it shows. The board designs, the physical design, and the typeface used on the device - it all feels a tad 'off'.

You can hold MIDI SELECT during power-up to put the device into 'GS Standard Mode' - basically, it'll bypass all arranger functions and turn into a GS synth module. It doesn’t respond to a GM reset which confims the early nature of it.

The device has a 'GSE board' inside which contains the GSS1 chipset. The board also has a 'GSS technology' silkscreen, which presumably refers to GS Standard. I assume GSE is for a GS Expander or GS Expansion.

Anyway, the board itself has all the standard first-gen SC55 stuff; the R15239148 24-voice synth chip, GSS.A, GSS.B, and GSS.C wave ROMs, R15239147 gate array, NEC UPD6376 DAC, etc. The only oddity is that the CPU is labelled as GSS1; it's still an H8/532 with built in ROM; there's even a footprint on the board for a full size version too. I still need to dump the control ROM, which is 2Mbit.

As for the I/O on the board, it has a built in analog audio section, separate line out and headphone out connections, a volume control connection, and a single connector that provides +5 and +9 volt feeds, as well as MIDI RX and TX.

The board states that it was designed for the RA-90, E-35, and E-70 devices; I just wonder if it took off elsewhere? I know Roland used the RLP-3037 board in other devices which appears to have a 'GSS2' labelled CPU - as to how it's different though I've no idea.

Anyway, thought this information may be of some interest to someone!

Last edited by RichB93 on 2026-07-11, 08:43. Edited 1 time in total.

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Reply 1 of 8, by RichB93

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Finally dumped the control ROM - I attach it here for reference. Appears to have the standard instrument data as expected. Only other thing which is particularly interesting is the string GP STANDARD SOUND BOARD VER=1.00, which suggests GS was originally to be called GP; I guess that explains the awkward 'GS Standard' naming - 'GP Standard' makes more sense.

It appears to be very similar to an SCC-1/CM-300 control ROM dump I've found online. If anyone can talk me through how I can dump the MCU code in the GSS1 chip I'm all ears!

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Reply 2 of 8, by RichB93

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Good news! The MCU has been dumped and emulation works with Nuked SC-55 when using the CM300/SCC-1 option. The MCU code is different enough that CM300 / SCC1 control ROM doesn't work - both of which use the GSS2 chip.

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Reply 3 of 8, by Spikey

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Looking into it, there appear to be the following differences:
- Resampled sound effects taken from the E-30 keyboard (CM-32L effects but with extra mixed ones like War, Thriller, Wonderland found on the E-30)
- No GS tones (EDIT: they are in fact there)
- Some drumkit naming differences
- Some different drumkit notes (three less in Brush, for example)
- Limitation of 8 characters for names
- 8 drumkits

Still 3 MB wave ROM (same as the SC-55 despite no 59 GS tones), so maybe the sound effects added are providing the other 1MB. Although the sound effects are in the SC-55 more or less, too.. Wonder if they sound the same as a SC-55's GS sound effects.
EDIT: the GS tones are there so the wave ROMs are likely just identical.

Great call though Rich, didn't realise there were so many differences!!

Last edited by Spikey on 2026-08-09, 10:37. Edited 2 times in total.

Reply 4 of 8, by RichB93

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This is fascinating, thanks for the investigation! How did you find out this information? Do you have tooling to inspect the instrument maps?

Do you know how the sample ROMs are arranged? I assumed that one ROM was for GM, one for the extra GS sounds, and one for the MT-32/CM-32L extras, but this seems naïve, especially given how these ROMs were finalised prior to the GM standard being ratified.

Finally, you mention no GS tones at all? So it’s effectively GM plus the extra drum kits?

It’s curious how the MCU code also changed significantly with each revision.

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Reply 5 of 8, by RichB93

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Found this in the manual. So early GS was effectively GM (before it was ratified as a standard), plus the additional drum kits. And the Key Click instead of Breath Noise on program 122. The manual also lists the MIDI implementation chart for both the RA-90 and the ‘Multi-Timbral Sound Generation “GS” ’.

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Reply 6 of 8, by RichB93

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Having investigated further, it appears that there are 59 GS tones in here, even if they are not mentioned in the manual:

B01/P121 tone 095 Gt.Cut Noise (capital: Gt.FretNoise)
B01/P123 tone 099 Rain (capital: Sea Shore)
B01/P124 tone 09F Dog (capital: Bird)
B01/P125 tone 0A2 Telephone 2 (capital: Telephone 1)
B01/P126 tone 0A8 Car-Engine (capital: Helicopter)
B01/P127 tone 0B2 Laughing (capital: Applause)
B01/P128 tone 0B8 Machingun (capital: Gun Shot)
B02/P121 tone 096 Bs.Str.Slap (capital: Gt.FretNoise)
B02/P123 tone 09A Thunder (capital: Sea Shore)
B02/P124 tone 0A0 Horse (capital: Bird)
B02/P125 tone 0A3 DoorCreaking (capital: Telephone 1)
B02/P126 tone 0A9 Car-Stop (capital: Helicopter)
B02/P127 tone 0B3 Screaming (capital: Applause)
B02/P128 tone 0B9 Lasergun (capital: Gun Shot)
B03/P123 tone 09B Wind (capital: Sea Shore)
B03/P125 tone 0A4 Door (capital: Telephone 1)
B03/P126 tone 0AA Car-Pass (capital: Helicopter)
B03/P127 tone 0B4 Punch (capital: Applause)
B03/P128 tone 0BA Explosion (capital: Gun Shot)
B04/P123 tone 09C Stream (capital: Sea Shore)
B04/P125 tone 0A5 Scratch (capital: Telephone 1)
B04/P126 tone 0AB Car-Crash (capital: Helicopter)
B04/P127 tone 0B5 Heart Beat (capital: Applause)
B05/P123 tone 09D Bubble (capital: Sea Shore)
B05/P125 tone 0A6 Windchime (capital: Telephone 1)
B05/P126 tone 0AC Siren (capital: Helicopter)
B05/P127 tone 0B6 Footsteps (capital: Applause)
B06/P126 tone 0AD Train (capital: Helicopter)
B07/P126 tone 0AE Jetplane (capital: Helicopter)
B08/P005 tone 005 Detuned EP 1 (capital: E.Piano 1)
B08/P006 tone 007 Detuned EP 2 (capital: E.Piano 2)
B08/P007 tone 009 Coupled Hps. (capital: Harpsichord)
B08/P015 tone 012 Church Bell (capital: Tubular-bell)
B08/P017 tone 015 Detuned Or.1 (capital: Organ 1)
B08/P018 tone 017 Detuned Or.2 (capital: Organ 2)
B08/P020 tone 01A Church Org.2 (capital: Church Org.1)
B08/P022 tone 01D Acoordion It (capital: Acoordion Fr)
B08/P025 tone 021 Ukulele (capital: Nylon-str.Gt)
B08/P026 tone 023 12-str.Gt (capital: Steel-str.Gt)
B08/P027 tone 026 Hawaiian Gt. (capital: Jazz Gt.)
B08/P028 tone 028 Chorus Gt. (capital: Clean Gt.)
B08/P029 tone 02A Funk Gt. (capital: Muted Gt.)
B08/P031 tone 02D Feedback Gt. (capital: DistortionGt)
B08/P032 tone 02F Gt. Feedback (capital: Gt.Harmonics)
B08/P039 tone 037 Synth Bass 3 (capital: Synth Bass 1)
B08/P040 tone 039 Synth Bass 4 (capital: Synth Bass 2)
B08/P049 tone 043 Orchestra (capital: Strings)
B08/P051 tone 046 Syn.Strings3 (capital: Syn.Strings1)
B08/P062 tone 052 Brass 2 (capital: Brass 1)
B08/P063 tone 054 Synth Brass3 (capital: Synth Brass1)
B08/P064 tone 056 Synth Brass4 (capital: Synth Brass2)
B08/P108 tone 083 Taisho Koto (capital: Koto)
B08/P116 tone 08C Castanet (capital: Woodblock)
B08/P117 tone 08E Concert BD (capital: Taiko)
B08/P118 tone 090 Melo. Tom 2 (capital: Melo. Tom 1)
B08/P119 tone 092 808 Tom (capital: Synth Drum)
B08/P126 tone 0AF Starship (capital: Helicopter)
B09/P126 tone 0B0 Burst Noise (capital: Helicopter)
B16/P026 tone 024 Mandolin (capital: Steel-str.Gt)

I attach a demo MIDI file that goes through these sounds.

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Reply 7 of 8, by Spikey

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Those 59 tones are the SC-55 GS tones, so that means they have the same patches after all. Which makes sense.

Reply 8 of 8, by Spikey

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RichB93 wrote on 2026-07-30, 09:54:
This is fascinating, thanks for the investigation! How did you find out this information? Do you have tooling to inspect the in […]
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This is fascinating, thanks for the investigation! How did you find out this information? Do you have tooling to inspect the instrument maps?

Do you know how the sample ROMs are arranged? I assumed that one ROM was for GM, one for the extra GS sounds, and one for the MT-32/CM-32L extras, but this seems naïve, especially given how these ROMs were finalised prior to the GM standard being ratified.

Finally, you mention no GS tones at all? So it’s effectively GM plus the extra drum kits?

It’s curious how the MCU code also changed significantly with each revision.

Well, some of my guesses were wrong, based around there not being GS tones, which we now know are the exact same and the wave ROMs are probably the same.

I just looked at service manuals, owner manuals, and am fairly familiar with the synths in question. I think you're right though, roughly speaking the wave ROM's are likely 1MB (2MB uncompressed) for each of the three sections.

Also, the Roland MV-30 a year earlier already had a GM bank before GM existed, and most of the same chips used.