VOGONS


RAM on 286

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First post, by aknot

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Hi retro tech guru,

I have a motherboard with 286 CPU which works fine after some repairs, but I can't figure out how I could increase a memory. BIOS shows 512KB of memory and no extended memory at all. I tried to remove one of 4 RAM chips (16 pins) to see any changes in BIOS, but no changes which is odd.
I would like to install 4MB, which seems to be maximum for this board, but I can't find any info regarding "511000". I assume these are RAM chips which I need to install in BANK 0 and BANK 1.

Any help is very appreciated!

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Reply 2 of 27, by mkarcher

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You have 2 banks of 512K each, which should be treated as 512+512 or 640+384, not 512+0. It seems the memory in bank 1 is not correctly recognized. Possibly one of the chips is broken.

The Chip numbers printed on the board are generic, and many chips have slightly or considerably different naming schemes. For example, your V53C104 chips are called 414256 in the silkscreen. If you want to go full 4MB, you need 36 chips, each of them "1M x 1". Examples for this kind of memory chips are Fujitsu MB81C1000A, NEC µPD421000C (often spelled UPD421000C), MCM511000A. Searching for "1M x 1" DRAM DIP should yield enough results to find offers for the chips you need.

Reply 3 of 27, by Jo22

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Not sure if this is helpful, but CheckIt by TouchStone has a diagnostic option for the memory banks.
It's intended to physically track down faulty memory chips.

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Reply 5 of 27, by rmay635703

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Most old motherboards do not automatically detect ram and required a bios program to be run off a disk to set the ram size.

There are a few generic utilities around

Also, slightly newer “old” motherboards would again not detect ram and require the size set in the bios itself

If you can find no way to enter the bios during post you will need a utility to set your bios parameters from dos

Occasionally some boards did allow you to choose how much “base” memory there was via jumper(s) but that likely isn’t the case here.

Reply 7 of 27, by aknot

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mkarcher wrote on 2021-09-04, 19:14:

You have 2 banks of 512K each, which should be treated as 512+512 or 640+384, not 512+0. It seems the memory in bank 1 is not correctly recognized. Possibly one of the chips is broken.

The Chip numbers printed on the board are generic, and many chips have slightly or considerably different naming schemes. For example, your V53C104 chips are called 414256 in the silkscreen. If you want to go full 4MB, you need 36 chips, each of them "1M x 1". Examples for this kind of memory chips are Fujitsu MB81C1000A, NEC µPD421000C (often spelled UPD421000C), MCM511000A. Searching for "1M x 1" DRAM DIP should yield enough results to find offers for the chips you need.

Thanks, will check your info later!

Reply 8 of 27, by aknot

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Jo22 wrote on 2021-09-04, 19:23:

Not sure if this is helpful, but CheckIt by TouchStone has a diagnostic option for the memory banks.
It's intended to physically track down faulty memory chips.

I assume that such software is useful when RAM is recognized by BIOS?!

Reply 9 of 27, by Predator99

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aknot wrote on 2021-09-04, 22:06:
Predator99 wrote on 2021-09-04, 19:33:

btw I have the same 😉

Re: 80286 BIOS image collection

Can you dump your BIOS please?

Not sure how to do that 😀

Please install "NSSI". There is a option to dump the system BIOS to a file
https://www.navsoft.cz/products.htm

When you take a look at my board: I have the same RAM config as you have and 1MB is detected. So yes, your BIOS setting may be wrong. You can also try testx
download/file.php?id=100469
It tests the installed RAM and doesnt care about what the BIOS reports.

Reply 10 of 27, by aknot

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Predator99 wrote on 2021-09-04, 22:19:
Please install "NSSI". There is a option to dump the system BIOS to a file https://www.navsoft.cz/products.htm […]
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aknot wrote on 2021-09-04, 22:06:
Predator99 wrote on 2021-09-04, 19:33:

btw I have the same 😉

Re: 80286 BIOS image collection

Can you dump your BIOS please?

Not sure how to do that 😀

Please install "NSSI". There is a option to dump the system BIOS to a file
https://www.navsoft.cz/products.htm

When you take a look at my board: I have the same RAM config as you have and 1MB is detected. So yes, your BIOS setting may be wrong. You can also try testx
download/file.php?id=100469
It tests the installed RAM and doesnt care about what the BIOS reports.

Hello,

Tried to use "NSSI", but it crashes with error 0-0-2-215-1-0DBA:1C4D, is there a similar tools?
"testext" shows no extended memory...

I believe this is EM related issue. So need to solve it, then I will be able to dump the BIOS.

Reply 11 of 27, by aknot

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Hello,

Good news everyone! After some test I found that one leg of the socket for RAM chip is damaged by corrosion. So new sockets are soldered and now RAM is working as expected 😀 Will dump bios as soon I will have a time for it 😀 Thanks for the help!

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Reply 12 of 27, by aknot

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Hello,

Here is BIOS of mother board and VGA.
Now I have another issue 😀 Turbo switch. Display reports 16Mhz, but diagnostics show 8Mhz. If I disable turbo, PC doesn't even starts. Maybe someone could help with correct jumper settings for board (picture attached)?

Thanks in advice!

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Reply 13 of 27, by matze79

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Nice Motherboard 😀 And NIce VGA Card possible the slowest Card ever made 😁

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Reply 14 of 27, by aknot

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matze79 wrote on 2021-10-22, 18:10:

Nice Motherboard 😀 And NIce VGA Card possible the slowest Card ever made 😁

This poor granny was in very bad condition. So be respectful 😀 a few things left to finish this project, but now I'm stuck with this turbo thing...

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Reply 16 of 27, by aknot

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I assume that issue is not related to "turbo switch board". If "TURBO" pins are open motherboard is not get POST BEEP, if pins are shorted it BEEPs ok and shows 8Mhz with diagnostic tool. Any ideas what could cause such behavior? Of course if my assumption that shorted TURBO pins enables TURBO 16Mhz is right.

Thanks,

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Reply 17 of 27, by jakethompson1

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aknot wrote on 2021-10-22, 19:06:

I assume that issue is not related to "turbo switch board". If "TURBO" pins are open motherboard is not get POST BEEP, if pins are shorted it BEEPs ok and shows 8Mhz with diagnostic tool. Any ideas what could cause such behavior? Of course if my assumption that shorted TURBO pins enables TURBO 16Mhz is right.

Thanks,

Your BIOS has a "Speed Select" setting - No Change, Low, or High. How do you have that set?

Reply 19 of 27, by weedeewee

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Broken or faulty contact on one of the oscillators ? looks like you've got two, one I assume 16 MHz, divided by two would give the 8MHz cpu speed, and one 32MHz which would deliver the 16MHz.
One of the ceramics around them could also be at fault.

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