DOSBox doesn't support printing.

But does support raw serial output (in some branches).

It may be possible to print to a serial printer, or to a virtual port linked with dosbox's virtual serial device.

EG, if using Linux, plug an ibm proprinter into a usb serial port, then point the dosbox raw serial at /dev/USBtty0

Etc.

https://www.dosbox.com/wiki/Configuration:SerialPort

On windows, many printers create a fake port device. It may be possible to point dosbox's serial port to such a device, but this is untested, and purely suppositional.

Sending to a real serial proprinter, on a real raw port, should be more realistic though.

It appears that it may be possible with some middleware.

https://www.beaglehardware.com/howtovirtualcomport.html

Epson makes a virtual com port driver that supports line speed emulation (meaning the dosbox session can set the baud and all that), and it can be pointed at an installed windows printer driver on the other end.

Telling dosbox to use raw serial mode on com1, with the emulated port specified, and a suitable serial friendly program installed in the dosbox session (word for dos?), might be workable.

Redirecting lpt1 to com1 with mode might let dumb text printing be possible also?

Again, this is not officially a thing the dosbox devs envision you doing.

But it might work.