Recently I looked further into the 32-bit problem, and I've come up with a way that has so far worked on all my 7/10 machines. Therefore they are all up to date as of the last time they were switched on.
So, Adobe, just like Edge and Chrome, install multiple ways to update itself, so if you try to disable it, it only comes back again. We need to disable every form of updating except one. We also need to disable the cloud interface. If you need to log onto an Adobe account, and you keep files in their cloud, then you'll have to sit this one out. This solution is only for private standalone installations.
All references to folders and programs are as on Windows 7.
So, very old installs may have something in the "Run" part of the registry. Use msconfig to find and delete it.
Then, in Services, find, stop, and disable the "Adobe Acrobat Update Service".
Then, in Scheduled Tasks, Task Scheduler Library, disable the "Adobe Acrobat Update Task".
Next is to delete 4 files. In Program Files, Adobe, Adobe Reader DC, Reader, delete ADNotificationManager.exe, and AdobeCollabSync.exe . If they are running, kill them off with the Task Manager.
In the subfolder that may be called AcroCEF (or similar), delete RdrCEF.exe and RdrServicesUpdater.exe - there may be more than one folder with similar names, you need to get rid of these 2 files from all of them.
Consider that "Repair Installation" can fail. Downloading a new installer can fail. The scheduled update can fail. If you start acrobat and click on "Check for Updates", this can also fail. But there's one way left, that they don't tell you about.
Open Task Manager and sort by "Image Name". Make sure there are no Adobe programs running. Open Adobe Reader and you'll see it appear in Task Manager. Wait a few seconds until AdobeARM.exe appears. Now close Reader.
AdobeARM (named Adobe Reader and Manager on Windows 10) will take a while doing the update. An icon may appear in the tray during the process. You can click on it if you wish, to see the progress.
At the end, your new version will be installed. Now you must immediately delete those 4 files again, as well as disabling the service and scheduled task.
And... that's it. You're up to date. The next time you run Reader you might get a message that there's a problem. Just tick the box to not remind you again, and continue on.
The main cause of the failures is because RdrServicesUpdater.exe keeps growing. Eventually it gets so large that an internal integer overflows. On 64-bit, an integer is larger, so the problem doesn't happen. It may be that just deleting that file might be all that's required, but I didn't want Adobe sniffing around my files so I opted to get rid of the related things that take our computer resources without asking.