Yes, that board has been recapped. Those electrolytic caps look like Panasonics, and ABit didn't use those from the factory.
There are a bunch of old threads about the VP6 over on badcaps.net (it was one of the most famous and popular recapping patients), but when I glanced through some of them I didn't see any discussion about those small surface mounted parts by the CPU. I'm afraid it's going to be very unlikely to find specs for those.

The missing parts are probably ceramic capacitors, because that's what the other "BC" components nearby look like. It's likely that they are exactly the same as the other ceramic caps of the same size. However, that doesn't really help with identifying their value, because they aren't marked, and even if you desoldered one and measured it, caps with such low capacitance values are not easy to accurately measure.

Do you have any junk boards? You could probably just grab some ceramic caps that look the same and stick them on here (btw, ceramic caps don't have polarity). Even if the values don't match the original spec, it may work well enough and better than no cap at all.
If you happen to have a junk ABit board of similar age, then that would be the best place to grab parts from because they're probably the same parts.

I don't know if those missing ceramics actually explains your problem though. But it certainly looks like there used to be caps there that got broken off.

Are you sure it's not a simple power supply limitation? Have you tried other power supplies, and/or measured the voltage rails with a meter while it tries to POST?
Is it supplying the correct Vcore? You can measure Vcore at the large tab on the back of some of the MOSFETs near the CPUs. Half of them will show 5V and the other half will show Vcore on those tabs. Put the negative probe on a ground point like the side of the PSU.