VOGONS


First post, by markpot4

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I have issues with the s3 onboard graphics. It freezes randomly when building graphics (playing a game, swiching windows etc). It also sometimes already freeze in the vga bios when switching between bios windows. When the freeze happen the pc stop building graphics or text. The "-" still blinks during the freeze but but the text or garpahics doesnt progress further (see picture). So it feels like the gpu isnt completly frozen it just is waiting for a awnser from the graphic that it never gets.

When using a isa graphic card it works without issues but isa speed is a lot slower then the s3 onboard chip so it would be still nice to get the s3 onboard chip to work.

The cpu seems to be upgraded to an cpu 486dx 50mhz instead of a 486sx that came with the board. Dont know if this could make any issues. Deactivate l1 cache make the graphics more stable and less freezes happen. There are still freezes happening but not as much as with l1 cache on. I think thats bc the cpu is working much slower with l1 cache off.

Also I realized there are some kind of graphical noise. The noise gets worse the more you turning up color depth in win95. Especially when using true color mode in win95. I dont have the noise with the isa graphic card. Also at the point while the pc is testing himem there is a lot of graphical noise going on. However I have no color issues, text issues or anything else. When the freezes happen the noise itself is still going on and doesnt freeze. So seems like the graphics itself are still working during the freeze.

The bios dallas rtc chip battery is low btw. It has no corrosion bc its inside a chip. Dont know if this have to do something with the issue bc its connected with the vga bios chip that controls s3 graphics. There are 2 bios chips on the board btw. 1. Award Software inc bios chip 2. Quadtel bios software vga chip. Seems like one is for the bios itself and the other one for the graphical bios or something.

I also run checkit to test everything. It have almost no issues. Ram, cpu, hdd, chipset-test run fine. Only the vga test freezes when building graphics. First I thought its the vram maybe but the vram test on checkit run mostly without issues. Only one time it freezes and there was a black and white pattern while freezing. But im not sure if the problem was the vram itself or something else during the vram test that triggers the freeze.

Does someone maybe know what could cause these freezing issues and does those graphical have to do something with the freezes or is this a seperate problem (maybe vga cable problem or something).

I also uploaded a picture of the mainboard btw maybe that helps for diagnose the issue.

Reply 1 of 6, by MagefromAntares

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Hi,

I'm not familiar with this exact motherboard and I cannot find a tech manual or datasheet on any reliable website I know of. However I think you can rule out the VGA cable problem if the graphics freezes the way like on the second picture. VGA cable faults don't cause issues like this, from that single picture it seems that the problem is with updating the video memory, the characters seem to be outputting correctly(No corrupt or weird characters), but the writing into text mode VRAM just stopped.

A low BIOS battery whether inside a Dallas chip or outside can cause weird issues, but it would be strange that it works 100% properly with an ISA card and fails with the onboard chip(Not unheard of though), but if the Battery voltage is low expect it to be needed to be replaced after a while anyway.

The CPU seems to have thermal paste covering it, did it come with a cooler or heatsink that was removed? IIRC the DX-50 doesn't really need a heatsink as it has somewhere around ~5W TDP, but if it originally had one why it was removed?

EDIT: Can you make a closer picture of the S3 chip or write down the exact type of it, I cannot make out from the first picture what is the exact type of that S3 chip, I would guess this one:https://theretroweb.com/chips/3945, which was used in 486 class motherboards, but I cannot be sure the picture detail is simply too low to make it out.

"A process cannot be understood by stopping it. Understanding must move with the flow of the process, must join it and flow with it." - Dune

Reply 2 of 6, by Law212

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Maybe if the CPU is upgraded from an SX 25 or 33 then the jumpers arent correct for the new CPU causing timing issues?
possibly the onboard vram is bad since isa cards work you said?

clean the cpu off it hurts to see it covered in goop

Reply 3 of 6, by rasz_pl

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> 486dx 50mhz

I was gonna say this is your problem, but then I found your posts at https://forum.classic-computing.de/forum/inde … ezing-probleme/
https://forum-classic--computing-de.translate … &_x_tr_pto=wapp

I would start by fixing original RTC module battery, and testing with second PSU (5V might be noisy)
theretroweb doesnt have Unisys 4253sx 🙁

https://github.com/raszpl/sigrok-disk FM/MFM/RLL decoder
https://github.com/raszpl/FIC-486-GAC-2-Cache-Module (AT&T Globalyst)
https://github.com/raszpl/386RC-16 ram board
https://github.com/raszpl/Zenith_ZBIOS Zenith Z-386 MFM-300 ZBIOS disassembly

Reply 4 of 6, by markpot4

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I changed the dallas chip to a new chip with a working battery. Of course it solved all my checksum errors but the freezes still occur. The weird thing is that when i underclock my cpu from 50mhz to 33mhz the freezes appear even more often. So 50mhz is somehow more stable. When turning l1 cachr off it also make the graphics a bit more stable.

What I think could be the problem:
1. Maybe Broken vram? However vram tests with checkit working fine. So maybe there is a vram cell that sometimes work and sometimes fail?
2. Borken ramdac (the chip that convert digital to analog input)?
3. Broken Avmem chip (clk-generator for the s3 chip)
4. Broken tantal capacitor or broken filter coil.

Reply 5 of 6, by MagefromAntares

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markpot4 wrote on 2026-06-10, 13:04:

I changed the dallas chip to a new chip with a working battery. Of course it solved all my checksum errors but the freezes still occur. The weird thing is that when i underclock my cpu from 50mhz to 33mhz the freezes appear even more often. So 50mhz is somehow more stable. When turning l1 cachr off it also make the graphics a bit more stable.

What I think could be the problem:
1. Maybe Broken vram? However vram tests with checkit working fine. So maybe there is a vram cell that sometimes work and sometimes fail?

If the VRAM is dual ported, it is possible that it has problem with the part that connects it to the S3 chip, but works properly with the CPU side, check the VRAM chips if they are dual ported or not, I cannot see them enough from the picture.

markpot4 wrote on 2026-06-10, 13:04:

2. Borken ramdac (the chip that convert digital to analog input)?

Unlikely as a broken RAMDAC would almost always cause colour issues.

markpot4 wrote on 2026-06-10, 13:04:

3. Broken Avmem chip (clk-generator for the s3 chip)

Possibly, if you have an oscilloscope you can check the output.

markpot4 wrote on 2026-06-10, 13:04:

4. Broken tantal capacitor or broken filter coil.

I would consider this to be less likely than the VRAM or CLK-Generator problem, but still possible.

"A process cannot be understood by stopping it. Understanding must move with the flow of the process, must join it and flow with it." - Dune

Reply 6 of 6, by rasz_pl

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markpot4 wrote on 2026-06-10, 13:04:

I changed the dallas chip to a new chip with a working battery.

afaik there is no new, only very old shock, remarked chips, and clones/fakes. Thats why I suggest _fixing original RTC module battery_

>when i underclock my cpu from 50mhz to 33mhz the freezes appear even more often.

saw that in the German forum, weird

> Broken tantal capacitor or broken filter coil.

tantalums break spectacularly, you would know 😀
_test with second PSU_, 5V might be noisy in the old one. You can also whip out oscilloscope and start measuring around.

https://github.com/raszpl/sigrok-disk FM/MFM/RLL decoder
https://github.com/raszpl/FIC-486-GAC-2-Cache-Module (AT&T Globalyst)
https://github.com/raszpl/386RC-16 ram board
https://github.com/raszpl/Zenith_ZBIOS Zenith Z-386 MFM-300 ZBIOS disassembly