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TI486SXL2 problems

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First post, by Anonymous Coward

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This is an interesting 386/486 hybrid chip (cyrix 486DLC clone) that has 8kb cache and clock doubling. Certain models can be used as drop in upgrades, like the one that I have from Improve It Technologies (make it 486). I've been having some troubles getting mine working properly though. I have not been able to get the clock doubling going.

Normally when I use Cyrix core chips in my systems I run the utilities that came with the Cyrix 486DRx2 family of chips because it is the only utility that I know of that can make the chip co-exist with DMA SCSI controllers. This software has just about every option you can imagine, except it lacks the ability to enable/disable the clock doubling. The 486DRx2 unlike the 486SXL2 enables the clock doubling by default, and therefore this option is not necessary in the official Cyrix control software.

The Make it 486 software includes a cache enabling utility that CAN enable the clock doubling feature, but lacks many of the features present in the Cyrix software. Therefore using this locks up my system. I've tried using some of the flags but without success. A couple of times I saw error messages related to the A20 handler. The Cyrix control software had an option for A20, but I can't find it anywhere in the Make it 486 utility. Perhaps someone on here has the original documentation for this package. I looked online and wasn't able pull up anything.

Reply 1 of 2, by Davros

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a20 gate handler is usually on the keyboard
2 solutions
change bios to use the a20 on the mboard (usually called fast a20 gate handler)
or change keyboard
or go here:
http://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/kbd/A20.html

there is a assembler program (you can compile it using debug.exe) to enable the a20 gate handler

Reply 2 of 2, by Anonymous Coward

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I finally made some progress on this problem.

I was lucky enough to find a document on the internet that explained all the register values for both the Cyrix and TI CPUs. As it turns out the TI chip is not 100% register compatible with Cyrix. The one major difference is that Cyrix uses CCR0 bit6 for caching schemes, whereas TI uses it to enable/disable clock doubling. So actually it is not even possible to disable clock doubling on the Cyrix parts that have that feature (SLC2, SRx2, DRx2).

So far the Cyrix control software is the only software I have used for these chips that actually enables all the features of the CPU and allows your system to operate properly when doing DMA. Unfortunately it is really only designed to program the Cyrix SRx2 & DRx2 chips. There are two parts to the control software. One is the frontend which is used to configure the registers, and the other is used to program the CPU registers. I find that when using the frontend with non SRx/DRx chips it tends to lock up the system. But, if you program the registers manually using the cx486.cfg file and load it from your autoexec.bat everything will work just fine!!

Using this procedure I was successfully able to get two of my systems to run in clock doubled mode. The CCR0 hex value I used was 55. What's interesting is that all of the TI potomac CPUs support clock doubling regardless of what is printed on the chip.

Knowing this I was able to squeeze some extra juice out of the upgrade module in my 8MHz 5170 AT system which uses the TI486SXL-40 chip. My Buffalo CPU upgrade is actually designed for 12MHz 286 systems, and provides a 3X CPU multiplier in hardware. This normally would yield 24MHz on an 8MHz system, but combining this with the 2X multiplier provided in the potomac CPU I was able to get 6X multiplier for final speed of 48MHz!!!
It's pretty funny watching this CPU choke on the slow memory bandwidth of an original IBM AT. I am able to run 486 applications like SC2000 and Police Quest 4 at decent speeds, but they can slow down in unexpected places. Also, I highly recommend using a heatsink when running over the rated 40MHz of the chip.

I also have a 50MHz 486SXL2 chip in my 386 system, and have I successfully operated it at 66MHz in clock doubled mode. Does anyone know where I can get heatsinks for 386 chips, or should I just cut my own?