Interesting. If Win98SE installer selected APM then I speculate the installer knew ACPI was unsafe with 440LX - or the previous owner had disabled ACPI in the BIOS.
Either way, I think you have confirmed your glitches are fixable IRQ conflicts. Can we take a closer look at your motherboard?
One of the PCI slots shares IRQ with AGP - makes sense for your PCI GPU to occupy that slot.
One of the PCI slots should be isolated - ideal for your sound card.
Other PCI slots share IRQ with USB or IDE - you need to know where these are.
Does your motherboard have any a manufacturer part number or other identifiers on the silkscreen?
Thanks, shevalier! Good idea, once the memtest86+ finishes, I'll run try the 3DMark 2003 as well.
MattRocks, it seems so, indeed. Linux didn't have any issues with IRQs related to soundcard/USB for example. I wasn't able to test the graphics card in different slots on Linux yet, though.
I attached a photo of the motherboard. It is Lucky Star 6ALX Ver: 1.0 https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/lucky-star-6alx
Happy to provide further information/close up photos or any area of interest of the board.
One of the PCI slots shares IRQ with AGP - makes sense for your PCI GPU to occupy that slot.
One of the PCI slots should be isolated - ideal for your sound card.
Other PCI slots share IRQ with USB or IDE - you need to know where these are.
I'm curious, where did you obtain this information? I haven't seen any information on the AGP IRQ myself so far, for example.
I don't see ACPI in the BIOS at all, using the latest BIOS from 02/15/2000.
hydraphonewrote on 2025-12-01, 18:01:I do have a quick way of restoring Windows to a known good-state, by the way (because Windows reinstallation through C:\WIN98 fo […] Show full quote
I do have a quick way of restoring Windows to a known good-state, by the way (because Windows reinstallation through C:\WIN98 folder [after deleting everything other than COMMAND.COM. IO.SYS, MDDOS.SYS and WIN98 in the C: drive] is pretty slow on this machine). I made a backup before installing any drivers on my modern Linux computer, and when I need to restore to that, I just plug the SSD to it through a USB enclosure, and use rsync as
By the way, I attached an atto disk benchmark for the SSD connected via StarTech IDE2SAT2 + 40-wire IDE cable to the UDMA33 motherboard. I was hoping it could at least saturate 33MB/s but for some reason, it doesn't.
One issue for sure is the first partition is not properly aligned to 2048; to get the BIOS to to Windows, the first partition needs to start at sector 63
1Disk /dev/sde: 111.79 GiB, 120034123776 bytes, 234441648 sectors 2Disk model: 3Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 4Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes 5I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes 6Disklabel type: dos 7Disk identifier: 0x00000000 8 9Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type 10/dev/sde1 * 63 65529134 65529072 31.2G c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 11/dev/sde2 65529856 208136191 142606336 68G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
but despite that, it is still very fast on the modern PC, so that is probably not the bottleneck.
Turning on the DMA option gave a substantial improvement in disk throughput, still using the 40-wire cable. Almost saturating the UDMA33 limits of the motherboard for reads.
I didn't learn much from the silkscreen but I did walk through the DMESG log you posted earlier. I think the output will have changed when you found a working PCI slot for the audio.
1[ 83.875060] PCI: setting IRQ 10 as level-triggered 2[b][ 83.875110] firewire_ohci 0000:00:0a.2: found PCI INT B -> IRQ 10[/b] 3[ 83.875110] firewire_ohci 0000:00:0a.2: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:08.0 4[b][ 84.652560] irq 11: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option)[/b] 5[ 84.653035] handlers: 6[ 84.653035] [<9bffe353>] usb_hcd_irq 7[ 84.653035] Disabling IRQ #11 8 9[b][ 134.756250] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 10[/b] 10[ 134.760295] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:0a.2 11 12[ 136.095408] nvidiafb: PCI nVidia NV32 framebuffer (64MB @ 0xD0000000) 13[b][ 139.298974] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0a.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 11[/b] 14[ 139.299076] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0a.0: sharing IRQ 11 with 0000:00:07.2 15[b][ 140.099050] irq 11: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option)[/b] 16[ 140.099050] handlers: 17[ 140.099050] [<9bffe353>] usb_hcd_irq 18[ 140.099050] [<09cb4f32>] snd_emu10k1_interrupt [snd_emu10k1] 19[ 140.099050] Disabling IRQ #11
What you had at the time of this observation
IRQ10 = Firewire + Nvidia
IRQ11 = USB + EMU10K1 (Audigy)
Linux observed IRQ11s going unclaimed, hence the "nobody cares" message -> Linux disabled IRQ11. After that decision, USB and EMU10K1 modules have no way of receiving messages. Linux observed all IRQ10s being claimed, hence the Firewire and Nvidia controllers are both good. You since moved the EMU10K1 to another slot where Windows audio is working, so we know EMU10K1 is good.
What we don't know is where the spurious IRQ11s came from. Could be something physically attached to your USB controller is causing noise, and that noise is causing instability for whatever PCI devices try sharing IRQ11. Could also be an unsupported feature on a PCI card.
NVIDIA at PCI slot #1, Audigy at #4. Windows assigned IRQ #10 to both NVIDIA and Audigy, and USB Universal Host Controller got #11 ... Switched the resolution to 1024x768@16bpp, still locking up in a minute or so.
What you had at the time of this observation
IRQ10 = EMU10K1 (Audigy) + Nvidia
IRQ11 = USB
IRQ?? = Firewire
The outcome is not great, but in this arrangement we know Audigy and Nvidia are talking over each other. In memory the Nvidia driver is constantly discarding Audigy messages, and the Audigy driver is constantly discarding Nvidia messages - that's an avoidable software stress test. We don't know what DMESG is logging for this configuration.
Tried disabling the USB Universal Host Controller from the device manager, 5 minutes of music and no lock ups so far. I lost the USB inputs now, but well, that's so far the longest I enjoyed this PC!
What you had at the time of this observation
IRQ?? = Nvidia
IRQ?? = EMU10K1 (Audigy)
IRQ?? = Firewire
I'd like to see the new DMESG outputs for the new arrangement. I suspect Nvidia and Audigy are on different IRQs. Is anything on IRQ11? Is Linux writing a "nobody cares" message for a different IRQ?
Last edited by MattRocks on 2025-12-04, 01:44. Edited 1 time in total.
I got the USB working as well: in the BIOS, under "PNP/PCI CONFIGURATION", changed "IRQ-11 assigned to" from "PCI/ISA PnP" to "Legacy ISA" and changed "Assign IRQ For USB" from "Enabled" to "Disabled". Rebooted, enabled the USB Universal Host Controller from device manager.
Similar to last time, Windows assigned IRQ #10 to both NVIDIA and Audigy, and USB Universal Host Controller got #11 (which is odd, no?). But no lock ups when playing music and USB is working. FireWire is disabled from the device manager.
Thanks for the insight, MattRocks! USB slots have been empty so far. I have two new versions of the Linux logs:
- Previous configuration with USB causing lock ups under Windows: "IRQ-11 assigned to": "PCI/ISA PnP", "Assign IRQ For USB" "Enabled" (the one you asked for)
61 Latency: 32 (1250ns min, 250ns max) 62 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 10 63 Region 0: Memory at e8000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] 64 Region 1: Memory at e0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=128M] 65 Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=128K] 66 Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 2 67 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-) 68 Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME- 69 Kernel driver in use: nvidiafb 70 Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau 71 7200:0c.0 Multimedia audio controller: Creative Labs EMU10k2/CA0100/CA0102/CA10200 [Sound Blaster Audigy Series] (rev 04) 73 Subsystem: Creative Labs SB0350 Audigy 2 ZS 74 Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 75 Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 76 Latency: 32 (500ns min, 5000ns max) 77 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 10 78 Region 0: I/O ports at e400 [size=64] 79 Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2 80 Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-) 81 Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME- 82 Kernel driver in use: snd_emu10k1 83 Kernel modules: snd_emu10k1 84 8500:0c.1 Input device controller: Creative Labs SB Audigy Game Port (rev 04) 86 Subsystem: Creative Labs SB Audigy Game Port 87 Control: I/O+ Mem- BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 88 Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 89 Latency: 32 90 Region 0: I/O ports at e800 [size=8] 91 Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2 92 Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0-,D1-,D2-,D3hot-,D3cold-) 93 Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME- 94 Kernel driver in use: Emu10k1_gameport 95 Kernel modules: emu10k1_gp 96 9700:0c.2 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Creative Labs SB Audigy FireWire Port (rev 04) (prog-if 10 [OHCI]) 98 Subsystem: Creative Labs SB Audigy FireWire Port 99 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 100 Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- 101 Latency: 32 (500ns min, 1000ns max), Cache Line Size: 32 bytes 102 Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 3 103 Region 0: Memory at ea004000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] 104 Region 1: Memory at ea000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] 105 Capabilities: [44] Power Management version 2 106 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1+ D2+ AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1+,D2+,D3hot+,D3cold-) 107 Status: D0 NoSoftRst- PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME+ 108 Kernel driver in use: firewire_ohci 109 Kernel modules: firewire_ohci
1dmesg 2 3... 4 5[ 0.711744] PCI: PCI BIOS revision 2.10 entry at 0xfb330, last bus=1 6[ 0.711807] PCI: Using configuration type 1 for base access 7[ 0.715460] kprobes: kprobe jump-optimization is enabled. All kprobes are optimized if possible. 8[ 0.727275] HugeTLB: registered 4.00 MiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages 9[ 0.727328] HugeTLB: 0 KiB vmemmap can be freed for a 4.00 MiB page 10[ 0.777131] ACPI: Interpreter disabled. 11[ 0.782147] iommu: Default domain type: Translated 12[ 0.782206] iommu: DMA domain TLB invalidation policy: lazy mode 13[ 0.793189] SCSI subsystem initialized 14[ 0.796463] libata version 3.00 loaded. 15[ 0.796820] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs 16[ 0.796911] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub 17[ 0.799120] usbcore: registered new device driver usb 18[ 0.799517] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0 19[ 0.819817] NetLabel: Initializing 20[ 0.819863] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 21[ 0.819884] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 CALIPSO 22[ 0.822195] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default 23[ 0.822275] mctp: management component transport protocol core 24[ 0.822293] NET: Registered PF_MCTP protocol family 25[ 0.822358] PCI: Probing PCI hardware 26[ 0.822374] PCI: root bus 00: using default resources 27[ 0.822396] PCI: Probing PCI hardware (bus 00) 28[ 0.822927] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 29[ 0.822972] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xffff] 30[ 0.823008] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff] 31[ 0.825107] pci_bus 0000:00: No busn resource found for root bus, will use [bus 00-ff] 32[ 0.825228] pci 0000:00:00.0: [8086:7180] type 00 class 0x060000 conventional PCI endpoint 33[ 0.825289] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0 [mem 0xd0000000-0xdfffffff pref] 34[ 0.825929] pci 0000:00:01.0: [8086:7181] type 01 class 0x060400 conventional PCI bridge 35[ 0.828102] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] 36[ 0.828850] pci 0000:00:07.0: [8086:7110] type 00 class 0x060100 conventional PCI endpoint 37[ 0.831736] pci 0000:00:07.1: [8086:7111] type 00 class 0x010180 conventional PCI endpoint 38[ 0.831877] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 4 [io 0xf000-0xf00f] 39[ 0.831936] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 0 [io 0x01f0-0x01f7]: legacy IDE quirk 40[ 0.831960] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 1 [io 0x03f6]: legacy IDE quirk 41[ 0.831981] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 2 [io 0x0170-0x0177]: legacy IDE quirk 42[ 0.832003] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 3 [io 0x0376]: legacy IDE quirk 43[ 0.834767] pci 0000:00:07.2: [8086:7112] type 00 class 0x0c0300 conventional PCI endpoint 44[ 0.834908] pci 0000:00:07.2: BAR 4 [io 0xe000-0xe01f] 45[ 0.837730] * Found PM-Timer Bug on the chipset. Due to workarounds for a bug, 46 * this clock source is slow. Consider trying other clock sources 47[ 0.837786] pci 0000:00:07.3: [8086:7113] type 00 class 0x068000 conventional PCI endpoint 48[ 0.837961] pci 0000:00:07.3: quirk: [io 0x4000-0x403f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI 49[ 0.837997] pci 0000:00:07.3: quirk: [io 0x5000-0x500f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB 50[ 0.840766] pci 0000:00:08.0: [10de:0322] type 00 class 0x030000 conventional PCI endpoint 51[ 0.840860] pci 0000:00:08.0: BAR 0 [mem 0xe8000000-0xe8ffffff] 52[ 0.840903] pci 0000:00:08.0: BAR 1 [mem 0xe0000000-0xe7ffffff pref] 53[ 0.840981] pci 0000:00:08.0: ROM [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff pref] 54[ 0.843146] pci 0000:00:08.0: Video device with shadowed ROM at [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] 55[ 0.843858] pci 0000:00:0c.0: [1102:0004] type 00 class 0x040100 conventional PCI endpoint 56[ 0.843936] pci 0000:00:0c.0: BAR 0 [io 0xe400-0xe43f] 57[ 0.847211] pci 0000:00:0c.0: supports D1 D2 58[ 0.848022] pci 0000:00:0c.1: [1102:7003] type 00 class 0x098000 conventional PCI endpoint 59[ 0.850287] pci 0000:00:0c.1: BAR 0 [io 0xe800-0xe807] 60[ 0.850503] pci 0000:00:0c.1: supports D1 D2
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61[ 0.853337] pci 0000:00:0c.2: [1102:4001] type 00 class 0x0c0010 conventional PCI endpoint 62[ 0.853432] pci 0000:00:0c.2: BAR 0 [mem 0xea004000-0xea0047ff] 63[ 0.853475] pci 0000:00:0c.2: BAR 1 [mem 0xea000000-0xea003fff] 64[ 0.853657] pci 0000:00:0c.2: supports D1 D2 65[ 0.853680] pci 0000:00:0c.2: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot 66[ 0.856478] pci_bus 0000:01: extended config space not accessible 67[ 0.856760] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] 68[ 0.856837] pci_bus 0000:00: busn_res: [bus 00-ff] end is updated to 01 69[ 0.859465] pci 0000:00:07.0: PIIX/ICH IRQ router [8086:7110] 70[ 0.859593] PCI: pci_cache_line_size set to 32 bytes 71[ 0.859699] e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem 0x0009fc00-0x0009ffff] 72[ 0.863222] pci 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: setting as boot VGA device 73[ 0.863272] pci 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible 74[ 0.863291] pci 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none 75[ 0.863321] vgaarb: loaded 76[ 0.870341] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc-early 77[ 1.036792] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 78[ 1.038927] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) 79[ 1.042436] pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled 80[ 1.134195] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family 81[ 1.135175] IP idents hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) 82[ 1.140860] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear) 83[ 1.144970] Table-perturb hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear) 84[ 1.145524] TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear) 85[ 1.146138] TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) 86[ 1.146595] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) 87[ 1.148885] MPTCP token hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) 88[ 1.149966] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) 89[ 1.150098] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) 90[ 1.152107] NET: Registered PF_UNIX/PF_LOCAL protocol family 91[ 1.152623] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] 92[ 1.152717] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0xffff] 93[ 1.152748] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 5 [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff] 94[ 1.152809] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers 95[ 1.152970] PCI: setting IRQ 3 as level-triggered 96[ 1.152993] pci 0000:00:07.2: assigned PCI INT D -> IRQ 3 97[ 1.153156] PCI: CLS 32 bytes, default 32 98[ 1.154228] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs... 99[ 1.157076] platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found) 100[ 1.163846] apm: BIOS version 1.2 Flags 0x07 (Driver version 1.16ac) 101[ 1.197962] Initialise system trusted keyrings 102[ 1.199702] Key type blacklist registered 103[ 1.202106] workingset: timestamp_bits=14 max_order=17 bucket_order=3 104[ 1.203651] zbud: loaded 105[ 1.216939] integrity: Platform Keyring initialized 106[ 1.217091] integrity: Machine keyring initialized 107[ 2.097136] Key type asymmetric registered 108[ 2.098441] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered 109[ 2.101053] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 247) 110[ 2.104275] io scheduler mq-deadline registered 111[ 2.104332] io scheduler kyber registered 112[ 2.106625] io scheduler bfq registered 113[ 2.120951] isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards... 114[ 2.161331] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x5c74f24908, max_idle_ns: 440795203618 ns 115[ 2.161539] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc 116[ 2.822211] isapnp: No Plug & Play device found 117[ 2.825359] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled 118[ 2.970354] Non-volatile memory driver v1.3 119[ 2.970457] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 120[ 2.991716] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: found PCI INT D -> IRQ 3 121[ 2.993178] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: UHCI Host Controller 122[ 2.993333] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 123[ 2.993407] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: detected 2 ports 124[ 2.993786] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: irq 3, io port 0x0000e000 125[ 2.998178] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001, bcdDevice= 6.09 126[ 2.998250] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 127[ 2.998275] usb usb1: Product: UHCI Host Controller 128[ 2.998297] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 6.9.7-arch1-1.2 uhci_hcd 129[ 2.998319] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:07.2 130[ 3.004589] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found 131[ 3.004886] hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected 132[ 3.014896] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic 133[ 3.015522] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for generic 134[ 3.016254] intel_pstate: CPU model not supported 135[ 3.018324] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs 136[ 3.020366] hid: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina 137[ 3.022368] drop_monitor: Initializing network drop monitor service 138[ 3.025326] Initializing XFRM netlink socket 139[ 3.030727] NET: Registered PF_INET6 protocol family 140[ 6.229315] Freeing initrd memory: 50472K 141[ 6.412150] Segment Routing with IPv6 142[ 6.412201] RPL Segment Routing with IPv6 143[ 6.412475] In-situ OAM (IOAM) with IPv6 144[ 6.412796] NET: Registered PF_PACKET protocol family 145[ 6.416572] microcode: Current revision: 0x00000003 146[ 6.417494] IPI shorthand broadcast: enabled 147[ 6.457364] sched_clock: Marking stable (6453055041, 3891444)->(6457538909, -592424) 148[ 6.459609] registered taskstats version 1 149[ 6.461332] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates 150[ 6.630043] Loaded X.509 cert 'Build time autogenerated kernel key: 8e252eb2db1429ed8d7f3ce47ea78a9420e528a5' 151[ 6.725413] zswap: loaded using pool zstd/zsmalloc 152[ 6.733279] Key type .fscrypt registered 153[ 6.733328] Key type fscrypt-provisioning registered 154[ 6.738091] PM: Magic number: 5:723:901 155[ 6.738284] clocksource clocksource0: hash matches 156[ 6.745878] hid_bpf: error while preloading HID BPF dispatcher: -22 157[ 6.746280] RAS: Correctable Errors collector initialized. 158[ 6.747219] clk: Disabling unused clocks 159[ 6.747267] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains 160[ 6.776356] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 1064K 161[ 6.776788] Write protecting kernel text and read-only data: 17740k 162[ 6.776850] rodata_test: all tests were successful 163[ 6.777080] Run /init as init process 164[ 6.777105] with arguments: 165[ 6.777123] /init 166[ 6.777138] with environment: 167[ 6.777151] HOME=/ 168[ 6.777164] TERM=linux 169[ 6.777178] BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-linux 170[ 12.242567] ata_piix 0000:00:07.1: version 2.13 171[ 12.291338] scsi host0: ata_piix 172[ 12.319470] scsi host1: ata_piix 173[ 12.327724] ata1: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xf000 irq 14 lpm-pol 0 174[ 12.327781] ata2: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xf008 irq 15 lpm-pol 0 175[ 12.503778] ata2.00: CFA: FC-1307 SD to CF Adapter V1.4, Rev 1.4, max UDMA/100 176[ 12.503846] ata2.00: 124735488 sectors, multi 1: LBA 177[ 12.505435] ata1.00: ATA-9: INTEL SSDSC2CW120A3, 400i, max UDMA/133 178[ 12.505495] ata1.00: 234441648 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) 179[ 12.527800] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA INTEL SSDSC2CW12 400i PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 180[ 12.538402] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 234441648 512-byte logical blocks: (120 GB/112 GiB) 181[ 12.538541] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off 182[ 12.538574] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 183[ 12.538709] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA 184[ 12.541784] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA FC-1307 SD to CF 1.4 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 185[ 12.543447] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Preferred minimum I/O size 512 bytes 186[ 12.557401] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 124735488 512-byte logical blocks: (63.9 GB/59.5 GiB) 187[ 12.557552] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off 188[ 12.557587] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 189[ 12.557725] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA 190[ 12.560497] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Preferred minimum I/O size 512 bytes 191[ 12.564845] sda: sda1 sda2 192[ 12.569858] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk 193[ 12.584267] sdb: sdb1 sdb2 194[ 12.587863] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk 195[ 13.560018] agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: Intel 440LX Chipset 196[ 13.697856] agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: AGP aperture is 256M @ 0xd0000000 197[ 14.589546] firewire_ohci 0000:00:0c.2: found PCI INT B -> IRQ 3 198[ 14.646422] firewire_ohci 0000:00:0c.2: added OHCI v1.10 device as card 0, 4 IR + 8 IT contexts, quirks 0x2 199[ 15.065206] random: crng init done 200[ 19.125318] EXT4-fs (sdb1): mounted filesystem 3e7a8324-6f83-4469-9d02-491050782511 r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: none. 201[ 21.410357] systemd[1]: systemd 255.4-2.3-arch running in system mode (+PAM +AUDIT -SELINUX -APPARMOR -IMA +SMACK +SECCOMP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +OPENSSL +ACL +BLKID +CURL +ELFUTILS +FIDO2 +IDN2 -IDN +IPTC +KMOD +LIBCRYPTSETUP +LIBFDISK +PCRE2 +PWQUALITY +P11KIT +QRENCODE +TPM2 +BZIP2 +LZ4 +XZ +ZLIB +ZSTD +BPF_FRAMEWORK +XKBCOMMON +UTMP -SYSVINIT default-hierarchy=unified) 202[ 21.410482] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86. 203[ 21.442691] systemd[1]: Hostname set to <localhost>. 204[ 21.600211] systemd[1]: bpf-lsm: BPF LSM hook not enabled in the kernel, BPF LSM not supported 205[ 25.578053] systemd[1]: Queued start job for default target Graphical Interface. 206[ 25.872164] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/dirmngr. 207[ 25.883861] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/getty. 208[ 25.897468] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent. 209[ 25.908583] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent-browser. 210[ 25.919502] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent-extra. 211[ 25.930638] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent-ssh. 212[ 25.942216] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/keyboxd. 213[ 25.953313] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/modprobe. 214[ 25.962895] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice. 215[ 25.966438] systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch. 216[ 25.969498] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch. 217[ 25.975172] systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point. 218[ 25.977455] systemd[1]: Expecting device /dev/sdb2... 219[ 25.979457] systemd[1]: Reached target Local Encrypted Volumes. 220[ 25.981419] systemd[1]: Reached target Local Integrity Protected Volumes. 221[ 25.983480] systemd[1]: Reached target Path Units. 222[ 25.985413] systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems. 223[ 25.987268] systemd[1]: Reached target Slice Units. 224[ 25.989594] systemd[1]: Reached target Local Verity Protected Volumes. 225[ 25.993290] systemd[1]: Listening on Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs. 226[ 26.039270] systemd[1]: Listening on Process Core Dump Socket. 227[ 26.044580] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log). 228[ 26.049738] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket. 229[ 26.051785] systemd[1]: TPM2 PCR Extension (Varlink) was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 230[ 26.056586] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket. 231[ 26.061133] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket. 232[ 26.065838] systemd[1]: Listening on User Database Manager Socket. 233[ 26.102845] systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System... 234[ 26.162587] systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System... 235[ 26.256573] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Debug File System... 236[ 26.374302] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Trace File System... 237[ 26.549289] systemd[1]: Starting Create List of Static Device Nodes... 238[ 26.745563] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module configfs... 239[ 26.967438] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module dm_mod... 240[ 27.189702] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module drm... 241[ 27.408822] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module fuse... 242[ 27.655411] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module loop... 243[ 27.673667] systemd[1]: File System Check on Root Device was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathIsReadWrite=!/). 244[ 27.700781] systemd[1]: systemd-journald.service: unit configures an IP firewall, but the local system does not support BPF/cgroup firewalling. 245[ 27.700868] systemd[1]: systemd-journald.service: (This warning is only shown for the first unit using IP firewalling.) 246[ 27.924423] systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service... 247[ 28.293857] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules... 248[ 28.325271] systemd[1]: TPM2 PCR Machine ID Measurement was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 249[ 28.619608] systemd[1]: Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems... 250[ 28.659729] systemd[1]: TPM2 SRK Setup (Early) was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 251[ 28.943528] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3 252[ 28.948246] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.48.0-ioctl (2023-03-01) initialised: dm-devel@lists.linux.dev 253[ 29.033817] systemd[1]: Starting Coldplug All udev Devices... 254[ 29.688749] fuse: init (API version 7.40) 255[ 29.818515] systemd[1]: Mounted Huge Pages File System. 256[ 29.853191] loop: module loaded 257[ 29.871580] systemd[1]: Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System. 258[ 29.929532] systemd[1]: Mounted Kernel Debug File System. 259[ 29.977670] systemd[1]: Mounted Kernel Trace File System. 260[ 30.065850] systemd[1]: Finished Create List of Static Device Nodes. 261[ 30.202210] systemd[1]: modprobe@configfs.service: Deactivated successfully. 262[ 30.249796] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module configfs. 263[ 30.385308] systemd[1]: modprobe@dm_mod.service: Deactivated successfully. 264[ 30.430530] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module dm_mod. 265[ 30.505549] systemd[1]: modprobe@drm.service: Deactivated successfully. 266[ 30.534638] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module drm. 267[ 30.607164] systemd[1]: modprobe@fuse.service: Deactivated successfully. 268[ 30.636197] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module fuse. 269[ 30.706487] systemd[1]: modprobe@loop.service: Deactivated successfully. 270[ 30.735826] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module loop. 271[ 30.902248] EXT4-fs (sdb1): re-mounted 3e7a8324-6f83-4469-9d02-491050782511 r/w. Quota mode: none. 272[ 30.957556] systemd[1]: Mounting FUSE Control File System... 273[ 31.173218] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Configuration File System... 274[ 31.197873] systemd[1]: Repartition Root Disk was skipped because no trigger condition checks were met. 275[ 31.551300] systemd[1]: Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev gracefully... 276[ 31.717617] systemd-journald[203]: Collecting audit messages is disabled. 277[ 31.941698] systemd[1]: Finished Remount Root and Kernel File Systems. 278[ 32.118505] systemd[1]: Rebuild Hardware Database was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionNeedsUpdate=/etc). 279[ 32.404407] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. 280[ 32.404456] i8042: Probing ports directly. 281[ 32.423625] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 282[ 32.426157] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 283[ 32.549353] systemd[1]: Starting Load/Save OS Random Seed... 284[ 32.570755] systemd[1]: TPM2 SRK Setup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 285[ 32.748522] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Modules. 286[ 33.202550] systemd[1]: Starting Apply Kernel Variables... 287[ 33.746553] systemd[1]: Mounted FUSE Control File System. 288[ 34.013750] systemd[1]: Mounted Kernel Configuration File System. 289[ 34.965394] systemd[1]: Starting User Database Manager... 290[ 35.185531] systemd[1]: Started Journal Service. 291[ 37.509714] systemd-journald[203]: Received client request to flush runtime journal. 292[ 37.725358] systemd-journald[203]: /var/log/journal/ad4c5ba281d14082be97c8302df2e2d1/system.journal: Journal file uses a different sequence number ID, rotating. 293[ 37.725454] systemd-journald[203]: Rotating system journal. 294[ 56.254212] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input0 295[ 58.527686] Adding 524188k swap on /dev/sdb2. Priority:-2 extents:1 across:524188k 296[ 63.260022] psmouse serio1: hgpk: ID: 10 00 64 297[ 63.827884] input: PS/2 Generic Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input2 298[ 65.045145] input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input3 299[ 65.144731] piix4_smbus 0000:00:07.3: SMBus Host Controller at 0x5000, revision 0 300[ 65.475885] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: registered as rtc0 301[ 65.476732] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: setting system clock to 2025-12-03T20:52:25 UTC (1764795145) 302[ 65.512591] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: alarms up to one day, 114 bytes nvram 303[ 67.712998] gameport gameport0: EMU10K1 is pci0000:00:0c.1/gameport0, io 0xe800, speed 1200kHz 304[ 69.223138] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice 305[ 69.847009] PCI: setting IRQ 10 as level-triggered 306[ 69.847083] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 10 307[ 69.847152] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:0c.0 308[ 69.852707] nvidiafb: Device ID: 10de0322 309[ 69.858322] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: deactivate vga console 310[ 69.865552] Console: switching to colour dummy device 80x25 311[ 69.887145] nvidiafb: CRTC0 analog found 312[ 69.894111] nvidiafb: CRTC1 analog not found 313[ 70.458100] nvidiafb: EDID found from BUS1 314[ 70.559325] i2c i2c-2: unable to read EDID block. 315[ 70.705740] i2c i2c-2: unable to read EDID block. 316[ 70.852849] i2c i2c-2: unable to read EDID block. 317[ 70.908178] nvidiafb: CRTC 0 appears to have a CRT attached 318[ 70.908250] nvidiafb: Using CRT on CRTC 0 319[ 70.928602] fbcon: NV32 (fb0) is primary device 320[ 71.157470] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 240x67 321[ 71.191409] nvidiafb: PCI nVidia NV32 framebuffer (64MB @ 0xE0000000) 322[ 74.285227] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 10 323[ 74.285336] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:08.0 324[ 75.081895] irq 10: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) 325[ 75.082104] CPU: 0 PID: 259 Comm: (udev-worker) Not tainted 6.9.7-arch1-1.2 #1 00f4d872e619c93a2fd3dfaa7198b1045c00f8c9 326[ 75.082149] Call Trace: 327[ 75.082171] <IRQ> 328[ 75.082194] dump_stack_lvl+0x41/0x60 329[ 75.082260] dump_stack+0xd/0x12 330[ 75.082290] __report_bad_irq+0x38/0xa4 331[ 75.082347] note_interrupt.cold+0xc/0x57 332[ 75.082383] handle_irq_event+0x69/0x70 333[ 75.082442] ? __irq_disable+0xa0/0xa0 334[ 75.082480] handle_level_irq+0x7a/0x160 335[ 75.082508] __handle_irq+0x52/0x90 336[ 75.082566] </IRQ> 337[ 75.082578] <SOFTIRQ> 338[ 75.082592] __common_interrupt+0x36/0xb0 339[ 75.082625] common_interrupt+0x2a/0x50 340[ 75.082663] asm_common_interrupt+0x102/0x140 341[ 75.082702] EIP: handle_softirqs+0x6e/0x250 342[ 75.082734] Code: 64 a1 00 2a 3e d0 ba 00 01 00 00 e8 dc 3c 05 00 c7 45 e0 0a 00 00 00 89 75 e4 89 5d dc 31 c0 64 66 a3 14 2a 3e d0 fb 0f bc cf <75> 05 b9 ff ff ff ff 89 cb b8 80 70 15 d0 83 c3 01 74 78 89 c6 89 343[ 75.082758] EAX: 00000000 EBX: 00400140 ECX: 00000001 EDX: 00000000 344[ 75.082779] ESI: fffc8c42 EDI: 00000002 EBP: c1113ff0 ESP: c1113fcc 345[ 75.082800] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00000206 346[ 75.082835] ? handle_softirqs+0x6e/0x250 347[ 75.082865] ? __lock_text_end+0x3/0x3 348[ 75.082915] __do_softirq+0xf/0x13 349[ 75.082946] do_softirq_own_stack+0x26/0x70 350[ 75.082978] </SOFTIRQ> 351[ 75.082993] irq_exit_rcu+0x72/0xb0 352[ 75.083021] common_interrupt+0x2f/0x50 353[ 75.083054] asm_common_interrupt+0x102/0x140 354[ 75.083083] EIP: _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x1d/0x40 355[ 75.083113] Code: e8 b0 18 00 00 31 c0 5d 31 d2 31 c9 c3 3e 8d 74 26 00 55 89 d1 89 e5 c6 00 00 8d 76 00 80 e5 02 74 01 fb 64 ff 0d 04 2a 3e d0 <74> 11 5d 31 c0 31 d2 31 c9 c3 2e 8d b4 26 00 00 00 00 90 e8 73 18 356[ 75.083136] EAX: c110c670 EBX: c110c600 ECX: 00000246 EDX: 00000246 357[ 75.083157] ESI: c54ef080 EDI: 00000000 EBP: c53ef8ec ESP: c53ef8ec 358[ 75.083178] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00000286 359[ 75.083211] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x1d/0x40 360[ 75.083243] __setup_irq+0x2f5/0x5f0 361[ 75.083274] request_threaded_irq+0xc1/0x190 362[ 75.083312] devm_request_threaded_irq+0x54/0xb0 363[ 75.083347] ? snd_emu10k1_resume_regs+0xe0/0xe0 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 364[ 75.083610] snd_emu10k1_create+0x429/0x720 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 365[ 75.083728] snd_card_emu10k1_probe+0xd1/0x3c0 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 366[ 75.083843] pci_device_probe+0xa3/0x190 367[ 75.083891] really_probe+0xc2/0x310 368[ 75.083948] ? pm_runtime_barrier+0x51/0x90 369[ 75.084012] __driver_probe_device+0x71/0x140 370[ 75.084047] driver_probe_device+0x1f/0xb0 371[ 75.084081] __driver_attach+0xb7/0x1c0 372[ 75.084106] ? __device_attach_driver+0x110/0x110 373[ 75.084131] bus_for_each_dev+0x62/0xb0 374[ 75.084168] driver_attach+0x19/0x20 375[ 75.084198] ? __device_attach_driver+0x110/0x110 376[ 75.084223] bus_add_driver+0xe6/0x1c0 377[ 75.084256] ? pci_bus_num_vf+0x20/0x20 378[ 75.084285] driver_register+0x6d/0xd0 379[ 75.084315] __pci_register_driver+0x41/0x50 380[ 75.084344] ? 0xe0dc8000 381[ 75.084367] emu10k1_driver_init+0x1c/0x1000 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 382[ 75.084481] do_one_initcall+0x40/0x2b0 383[ 75.084516] ? kmalloc_trace+0xfe/0x2f0 384[ 75.084546] ? do_init_module+0x21/0x1f0 385[ 75.084591] do_init_module+0x55/0x1f0 386[ 75.084621] load_module+0x17da/0x19e0 387[ 75.084676] init_module_from_file+0x71/0xb0 388[ 75.084722] __ia32_sys_finit_module+0x11b/0x280 389[ 75.084758] ia32_sys_call+0x1b63/0x21d0 390[ 75.084785] do_int80_syscall_32+0x52/0x90 391[ 75.084821] ? xas_load+0x3d/0x50 392[ 75.084857] ? filemap_get_read_batch+0x10a/0x240 393[ 75.084910] ? current_time+0x24/0x140 394[ 75.084965] ? atime_needs_update+0xb1/0x170 395[ 75.084997] ? touch_atime+0x19/0x130 396[ 75.085022] ? filemap_read+0x50d/0x530 397[ 75.085062] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 398[ 75.085106] ? _copy_from_user+0x49/0x60 399[ 75.085153] ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0x247/0x420 400[ 75.085185] ? ext4_file_read_iter+0x51/0x170 [ext4 18eb3f18c2b2bcd1cc4d957088778ec9c8ad1abe] 401[ 75.086512] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 402[ 75.086569] ? ext4_file_open+0x2e0/0x2e0 [ext4 18eb3f18c2b2bcd1cc4d957088778ec9c8ad1abe] 403[ 75.087727] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x11e/0x1c0 404[ 75.087788] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x82/0x1c0 405[ 75.087822] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 406[ 75.087853] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x82/0x1c0 407[ 75.087886] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 408[ 75.087916] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 409[ 75.087945] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 410[ 75.087974] ? irqentry_exit+0x45/0x50 411[ 75.088006] ? exc_page_fault+0x64/0x170 412[ 75.088039] entry_INT80_32+0xf0/0xf0 413[ 75.088080] EIP: 0xb62755d2 414[ 75.088107] Code: f0 ff c3 66 90 66 90 90 55 57 56 53 8b 6c 24 2c 8b 7c 24 28 8b 74 24 24 8b 54 24 20 8b 4c 24 1c 8b 5c 24 18 8b 44 24 14 cd 80 <5b> 5e 5f 5d 3d 01 f0 ff ff 0f 83 1f d0 f0 ff c3 66 90 66 90 66 90 415[ 75.088131] EAX: ffffffda EBX: 0000001d ECX: b637d3f4 EDX: 00000004 416[ 75.088153] ESI: 05a17020 EDI: 05a145f0 EBP: bfc35468 ESP: bfc3540c 417[ 75.088175] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 0000 GS: 0033 SS: 007b EFLAGS: 00000292 418[ 75.088211] handlers: 419[ 75.088322] [<cd7c1ead>] snd_emu10k1_interrupt [snd_emu10k1] 420[ 75.088647] Disabling IRQ #10 421[ 75.088977] clocksource: Long readout interval, skipping watchdog check: cs_nsec: 1053877032 wd_nsec: 1053718544 422[ 75.097695] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: Installing spdif_bug patch: SB Audigy 2 ZS [SB0350] 423[ 77.616810] clocksource: timekeeping watchdog on CPU0: Marking clocksource 'tsc' as unstable because the skew is too large: 424[ 77.616865] clocksource: 'pit' wd_nsec: 524919920 wd_now: f0261d45 wd_last: f01c8eb0 mask: ffffffff 425[ 77.616897] clocksource: 'tsc' cs_nsec: 525824782 cs_now: a951b2e76 cs_last: a888aaf56 mask: ffffffffffffffff 426[ 77.616923] clocksource: Clocksource 'tsc' skewed 904862 ns (0 ms) over watchdog 'pit' interval of 524919920 ns (524 ms) 427[ 77.616948] clocksource: 'tsc' is current clocksource. 428[ 77.616995] tsc: Marking TSC unstable due to clocksource watchdog 429[ 77.617148] TSC found unstable after boot, most likely due to broken BIOS. Use 'tsc=unstable'. 430[ 77.617171] sched_clock: Marking unstable (77613253068, 3891283)<-(77617736886, -592424) 431[ 77.618129] clocksource: Not enough CPUs to check clocksource 'tsc'. 432[ 79.822884] spurious 8259A interrupt: IRQ7.
In the first case without recent BIOS modifications, IRQ assignment for NVIDIA (#10), Audigy (#10) and USB (#11) appear to be the same as Windows.
After the BIOS modifications, USB is moved to #3 on Linux.
I suppose the only way to get NVIDIA and Audigy on different IRQs would be to move the Audigy to a different slot, and find the new "correct" BIOS settings again?
hydraphonewrote on 2025-12-04, 01:42:lspci outputs are identical, so the IRQs haven't changed but dmesg outputs are different with verbose details.
IRQ assignment fo […] Show full quote
1dmesg 2 3... 4 5[ 0.818353] PCI: Probing PCI hardware 6[ 0.818369] PCI: root bus 00: using default resources 7[ 0.818393] PCI: Probing PCI hardware (bus 00) 8[ 0.818926] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 9[ 0.818972] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xffff] 10[ 0.819008] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff] 11[ 0.821099] pci_bus 0000:00: No busn resource found for root bus, will use [bus 00-ff] 12[ 0.821228] pci 0000:00:00.0: [8086:7180] type 00 class 0x060000 conventional PCI endpoint 13[ 0.821289] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0 [mem 0xd0000000-0xdfffffff pref] 14[ 0.821941] pci 0000:00:01.0: [8086:7181] type 01 class 0x060400 conventional PCI bridge 15[ 0.824106] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] 16[ 0.824852] pci 0000:00:07.0: [8086:7110] type 00 class 0x060100 conventional PCI endpoint 17[ 0.827735] pci 0000:00:07.1: [8086:7111] type 00 class 0x010180 conventional PCI endpoint 18[ 0.827871] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 4 [io 0xf000-0xf00f] 19[ 0.827930] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 0 [io 0x01f0-0x01f7]: legacy IDE quirk 20[ 0.827954] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 1 [io 0x03f6]: legacy IDE quirk 21[ 0.827976] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 2 [io 0x0170-0x0177]: legacy IDE quirk 22[ 0.827998] pci 0000:00:07.1: BAR 3 [io 0x0376]: legacy IDE quirk 23[ 0.830760] pci 0000:00:07.2: [8086:7112] type 00 class 0x0c0300 conventional PCI endpoint 24[ 0.830898] pci 0000:00:07.2: BAR 4 [io 0xe000-0xe01f] 25[ 0.833729] * Found PM-Timer Bug on the chipset. Due to workarounds for a bug, 26 * this clock source is slow. Consider trying other clock sources 27[ 0.833789] pci 0000:00:07.3: [8086:7113] type 00 class 0x068000 conventional PCI endpoint 28[ 0.833967] pci 0000:00:07.3: quirk: [io 0x4000-0x403f] claimed by PIIX4 ACPI 29[ 0.834004] pci 0000:00:07.3: quirk: [io 0x5000-0x500f] claimed by PIIX4 SMB 30[ 0.836779] pci 0000:00:08.0: [10de:0322] type 00 class 0x030000 conventional PCI endpoint 31[ 0.836873] pci 0000:00:08.0: BAR 0 [mem 0xe8000000-0xe8ffffff] 32[ 0.836916] pci 0000:00:08.0: BAR 1 [mem 0xe0000000-0xe7ffffff pref] 33[ 0.836995] pci 0000:00:08.0: ROM [mem 0x00000000-0x0001ffff pref] 34[ 0.839151] pci 0000:00:08.0: Video device with shadowed ROM at [mem 0x000c0000-0x000dffff] 35[ 0.839870] pci 0000:00:0c.0: [1102:0004] type 00 class 0x040100 conventional PCI endpoint 36[ 0.839948] pci 0000:00:0c.0: BAR 0 [io 0xe400-0xe43f] 37[ 0.842365] pci 0000:00:0c.0: supports D1 D2 38[ 0.845222] pci 0000:00:0c.1: [1102:7003] type 00 class 0x098000 conventional PCI endpoint 39[ 0.845315] pci 0000:00:0c.1: BAR 0 [io 0xe800-0xe807] 40[ 0.845518] pci 0000:00:0c.1: supports D1 D2 41[ 0.848464] pci 0000:00:0c.2: [1102:4001] type 00 class 0x0c0010 conventional PCI endpoint 42[ 0.848561] pci 0000:00:0c.2: BAR 0 [mem 0xea004000-0xea0047ff] 43[ 0.848603] pci 0000:00:0c.2: BAR 1 [mem 0xea000000-0xea003fff] 44[ 0.848793] pci 0000:00:0c.2: supports D1 D2 45[ 0.848816] pci 0000:00:0c.2: PME# supported from D0 D1 D2 D3hot 46[ 0.851628] pci_bus 0000:01: extended config space not accessible 47[ 0.851906] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] 48[ 0.851986] pci_bus 0000:00: busn_res: [bus 00-ff] end is updated to 01 49[ 0.854623] pci 0000:00:07.0: PIIX/ICH IRQ router [8086:7110] 50[ 0.854753] PCI: pci_cache_line_size set to 32 bytes 51[ 0.854857] e820: reserve RAM buffer [mem 0x0009fc00-0x0009ffff] 52[ 0.859521] pci 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: setting as boot VGA device 53[ 0.859574] pci 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: bridge control possible 54[ 0.859593] pci 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: VGA device added: decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none 55[ 0.859625] vgaarb: loaded 56[ 0.867250] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc-early 57[ 1.035327] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 58[ 1.037459] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) 59[ 1.039862] pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled 60[ 1.134698] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family
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61[ 1.135692] IP idents hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) 62[ 1.142494] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear) 63[ 1.145425] Table-perturb hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear) 64[ 1.145786] TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear) 65[ 1.146601] TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) 66[ 1.146886] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) 67[ 1.149288] MPTCP token hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) 68[ 1.150362] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) 69[ 1.150495] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) 70[ 1.152527] NET: Registered PF_UNIX/PF_LOCAL protocol family 71[ 1.152919] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] 72[ 1.153008] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 4 [io 0x0000-0xffff] 73[ 1.153040] pci_bus 0000:00: resource 5 [mem 0x00000000-0xffffffff] 74[ 1.153104] pci 0000:00:00.0: Limiting direct PCI/PCI transfers 75[ 1.153600] PCI: setting IRQ 3 as level-triggered 76[ 1.153639] pci 0000:00:07.2: assigned PCI INT D -> IRQ 3 77[ 1.153808] PCI: CLS 32 bytes, default 32 78[ 1.154933] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs... 79[ 1.156736] platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found) 80[ 1.163886] apm: BIOS version 1.2 Flags 0x07 (Driver version 1.16ac) 81[ 1.196032] Initialise system trusted keyrings 82[ 1.197811] Key type blacklist registered 83[ 1.200129] workingset: timestamp_bits=14 max_order=17 bucket_order=3 84[ 1.201710] zbud: loaded 85[ 1.216626] integrity: Platform Keyring initialized 86[ 1.216830] integrity: Machine keyring initialized 87[ 2.098966] Key type asymmetric registered 88[ 2.099033] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered 89[ 2.102786] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 247) 90[ 2.105606] io scheduler mq-deadline registered 91[ 2.105665] io scheduler kyber registered 92[ 2.109293] io scheduler bfq registered 93[ 2.123803] isapnp: Scanning for PnP cards... 94[ 2.161404] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x5c74c50637, max_idle_ns: 440795212787 ns 95[ 2.161617] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc 96[ 2.829996] isapnp: No Plug & Play device found 97[ 2.834712] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled 98[ 2.980688] Non-volatile memory driver v1.3 99[ 2.980760] Linux agpgart interface v0.103 100[ 3.000698] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: found PCI INT D -> IRQ 3 101[ 3.003151] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: UHCI Host Controller 102[ 3.003311] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 103[ 3.003385] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: detected 2 ports 104[ 3.003777] uhci_hcd 0000:00:07.2: irq 3, io port 0x0000e000 105[ 3.008594] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001, bcdDevice= 6.09 106[ 3.008665] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1 107[ 3.008691] usb usb1: Product: UHCI Host Controller 108[ 3.008713] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 6.9.7-arch1-1.2 uhci_hcd 109[ 3.008734] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:07.2 110[ 3.015347] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found 111[ 3.015621] hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected 112[ 3.024718] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic 113[ 3.024826] usbserial: USB Serial support registered for generic 114[ 3.027839] intel_pstate: CPU model not supported 115[ 3.029175] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs 116[ 3.029779] hid: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina 117[ 3.033218] drop_monitor: Initializing network drop monitor service 118[ 3.036372] Initializing XFRM netlink socket 119[ 3.041857] NET: Registered PF_INET6 protocol family 120[ 3.135431] usb usb1-port1: over-current condition 121[ 3.247291] usb usb1-port2: over-current condition 122[ 6.236367] Freeing initrd memory: 50472K 123[ 6.418218] Segment Routing with IPv6 124[ 6.418266] RPL Segment Routing with IPv6 125[ 6.418540] In-situ OAM (IOAM) with IPv6 126[ 6.418870] NET: Registered PF_PACKET protocol family 127[ 6.422695] microcode: Current revision: 0x00000003 128[ 6.423629] IPI shorthand broadcast: enabled 129[ 6.463614] sched_clock: Marking stable (6459062693, 3884528)->(6463649048, -701827) 130[ 6.465624] registered taskstats version 1 131[ 6.467329] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates 132[ 6.635692] Loaded X.509 cert 'Build time autogenerated kernel key: 8e252eb2db1429ed8d7f3ce47ea78a9420e528a5' 133[ 6.730785] zswap: loaded using pool zstd/zsmalloc 134[ 6.738624] Key type .fscrypt registered 135[ 6.738675] Key type fscrypt-provisioning registered 136[ 6.743347] PM: Magic number: 5:208:396 137[ 6.743639] pci 0000:00:07.1: hash matches 138[ 6.751228] hid_bpf: error while preloading HID BPF dispatcher: -22 139[ 6.751475] RAS: Correctable Errors collector initialized. 140[ 6.752294] clk: Disabling unused clocks 141[ 6.752338] PM: genpd: Disabling unused power domains 142[ 6.781679] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 1064K 143[ 6.782367] Write protecting kernel text and read-only data: 17740k 144[ 6.782448] rodata_test: all tests were successful 145[ 6.782702] Run /init as init process 146[ 6.782724] with arguments: 147[ 6.782741] /init 148[ 6.782755] with environment: 149[ 6.782769] HOME=/ 150[ 6.782783] TERM=linux 151[ 6.782796] BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-linux 152[ 12.248244] ata_piix 0000:00:07.1: version 2.13 153[ 12.295446] scsi host0: ata_piix 154[ 12.320694] scsi host1: ata_piix 155[ 12.323659] ata1: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xf000 irq 14 lpm-pol 0 156[ 12.323713] ata2: PATA max UDMA/33 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xf008 irq 15 lpm-pol 0 157[ 12.486272] ata1.00: ATA-9: INTEL SSDSC2CW120A3, 400i, max UDMA/133 158[ 12.486338] ata1.00: 234441648 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) 159[ 12.510581] ata2.00: CFA: FC-1307 SD to CF Adapter V1.4, Rev 1.4, max UDMA/100 160[ 12.510651] ata2.00: 124735488 sectors, multi 1: LBA 161[ 12.521417] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA INTEL SSDSC2CW12 400i PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 162[ 12.531837] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 234441648 512-byte logical blocks: (120 GB/112 GiB) 163[ 12.532169] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off 164[ 12.532209] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 165[ 12.532341] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA 166[ 12.532576] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Preferred minimum I/O size 512 bytes 167[ 12.536885] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA FC-1307 SD to CF 1.4 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 168[ 12.547730] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 124735488 512-byte logical blocks: (63.9 GB/59.5 GiB) 169[ 12.547869] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off 170[ 12.554175] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 171[ 12.554507] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA 172[ 12.554752] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Preferred minimum I/O size 512 bytes 173[ 12.556153] sda: sda1 sda2 174[ 12.560537] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk 175[ 12.578218] sdb: sdb1 sdb2 176[ 12.582733] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk 177[ 13.599005] agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: Intel 440LX Chipset 178[ 13.741158] agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: AGP aperture is 256M @ 0xd0000000 179[ 14.609562] firewire_ohci 0000:00:0c.2: found PCI INT B -> IRQ 3 180[ 14.666370] firewire_ohci 0000:00:0c.2: added OHCI v1.10 device as card 0, 4 IR + 8 IT contexts, quirks 0x2 181[ 14.983318] random: crng init done 182[ 19.124325] EXT4-fs (sdb1): mounted filesystem 3e7a8324-6f83-4469-9d02-491050782511 r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: none. 183[ 21.381935] systemd[1]: systemd 255.4-2.3-arch running in system mode (+PAM +AUDIT -SELINUX -APPARMOR -IMA +SMACK +SECCOMP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +OPENSSL +ACL +BLKID +CURL +ELFUTILS +FIDO2 +IDN2 -IDN +IPTC +KMOD +LIBCRYPTSETUP +LIBFDISK +PCRE2 +PWQUALITY +P11KIT +QRENCODE +TPM2 +BZIP2 +LZ4 +XZ +ZLIB +ZSTD +BPF_FRAMEWORK +XKBCOMMON +UTMP -SYSVINIT default-hierarchy=unified) 184[ 21.382061] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86. 185[ 21.411883] systemd[1]: Hostname set to <localhost>. 186[ 21.580523] systemd[1]: bpf-lsm: BPF LSM hook not enabled in the kernel, BPF LSM not supported 187[ 21.907895] spurious 8259A interrupt: IRQ7. 188[ 25.453289] systemd[1]: Queued start job for default target Graphical Interface. 189[ 25.539141] clocksource: timekeeping watchdog on CPU0: Marking clocksource 'tsc' as unstable because the skew is too large: 190[ 25.539216] clocksource: 'pit' wd_nsec: 503790704 wd_now: ec722217 wd_last: ec68f5fd mask: ffffffff 191[ 25.539248] clocksource: 'tsc' cs_nsec: 503359813 cs_now: 61061d91c cs_last: 6045acb3b mask: ffffffffffffffff 192[ 25.539275] clocksource: Clocksource 'tsc' skewed -430891 ns (0 ms) over watchdog 'pit' interval of 503790704 ns (503 ms) 193[ 25.539321] clocksource: 'tsc' is current clocksource. 194[ 25.539371] tsc: Marking TSC unstable due to clocksource watchdog 195[ 25.539431] TSC found unstable after boot, most likely due to broken BIOS. Use 'tsc=unstable'. 196[ 25.539449] sched_clock: Marking unstable (25535544608, 3884880)<-(25540131161, -701827) 197[ 25.541549] clocksource: Not enough CPUs to check clocksource 'tsc'. 198[ 25.746898] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/dirmngr. 199[ 25.759085] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/getty. 200[ 25.772935] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent. 201[ 25.784642] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent-browser. 202[ 25.795778] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent-extra. 203[ 25.807044] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/gpg-agent-ssh. 204[ 25.818908] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/keyboxd. 205[ 25.829942] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/modprobe. 206[ 25.840154] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice. 207[ 25.843892] systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch. 208[ 25.847122] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch. 209[ 25.852599] systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point. 210[ 25.854958] systemd[1]: Expecting device /dev/sdb2... 211[ 25.856971] systemd[1]: Reached target Local Encrypted Volumes. 212[ 25.859103] systemd[1]: Reached target Local Integrity Protected Volumes. 213[ 25.861050] systemd[1]: Reached target Path Units. 214[ 25.862929] systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems. 215[ 25.864799] systemd[1]: Reached target Slice Units. 216[ 25.867063] systemd[1]: Reached target Local Verity Protected Volumes. 217[ 25.870899] systemd[1]: Listening on Device-mapper event daemon FIFOs. 218[ 25.914855] systemd[1]: Listening on Process Core Dump Socket. 219[ 25.920306] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log). 220[ 25.925384] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket. 221[ 25.927060] systemd[1]: TPM2 PCR Extension (Varlink) was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 222[ 25.932702] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket. 223[ 25.937167] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket. 224[ 25.941955] systemd[1]: Listening on User Database Manager Socket. 225[ 25.991770] systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System... 226[ 26.045225] systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System... 227[ 26.121969] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Debug File System... 228[ 26.226994] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Trace File System... 229[ 26.369808] systemd[1]: Starting Create List of Static Device Nodes... 230[ 26.558023] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module configfs... 231[ 26.799964] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module dm_mod... 232[ 26.999085] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module drm... 233[ 27.189961] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module fuse... 234[ 27.424902] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module loop... 235[ 27.443316] systemd[1]: File System Check on Root Device was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathIsReadWrite=!/). 236[ 27.465963] systemd[1]: systemd-journald.service: unit configures an IP firewall, but the local system does not support BPF/cgroup firewalling. 237[ 27.465963] systemd[1]: systemd-journald.service: (This warning is only shown for the first unit using IP firewalling.) 238[ 27.663444] systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service... 239[ 27.967778] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Modules... 240[ 28.011186] systemd[1]: TPM2 PCR Machine ID Measurement was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 241[ 28.283975] systemd[1]: Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems... 242[ 28.316908] systemd[1]: TPM2 SRK Setup (Early) was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 243[ 28.630155] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3 244[ 28.634931] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.48.0-ioctl (2023-03-01) initialised: dm-devel@lists.linux.dev 245[ 28.672588] systemd[1]: Starting Coldplug All udev Devices... 246[ 29.342972] systemd[1]: Mounted Huge Pages File System. 247[ 29.363919] fuse: init (API version 7.40) 248[ 29.435378] systemd[1]: Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System. 249[ 29.485494] systemd[1]: Mounted Kernel Debug File System. 250[ 29.525207] loop: module loaded 251[ 29.543300] systemd[1]: Mounted Kernel Trace File System. 252[ 29.627677] systemd[1]: Finished Create List of Static Device Nodes. 253[ 29.736030] systemd[1]: modprobe@configfs.service: Deactivated successfully. 254[ 29.776728] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module configfs. 255[ 29.908668] systemd[1]: modprobe@dm_mod.service: Deactivated successfully. 256[ 29.947933] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module dm_mod. 257[ 30.039319] systemd[1]: modprobe@drm.service: Deactivated successfully. 258[ 30.066550] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module drm. 259[ 30.139308] systemd[1]: modprobe@fuse.service: Deactivated successfully. 260[ 30.158003] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module fuse. 261[ 30.221692] systemd[1]: modprobe@loop.service: Deactivated successfully. 262[ 30.249039] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Module loop. 263[ 30.433059] systemd[1]: Mounting FUSE Control File System... 264[ 30.485277] EXT4-fs (sdb1): re-mounted 3e7a8324-6f83-4469-9d02-491050782511 r/w. Quota mode: none. 265[ 30.656381] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Configuration File System... 266[ 30.686802] systemd[1]: Repartition Root Disk was skipped because no trigger condition checks were met. 267[ 31.009254] systemd[1]: Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev gracefully... 268[ 31.152880] systemd-journald[204]: Collecting audit messages is disabled. 269[ 31.394918] systemd[1]: Finished Remount Root and Kernel File Systems. 270[ 31.531707] systemd[1]: Rebuild Hardware Database was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionNeedsUpdate=/etc). 271[ 31.915938] systemd[1]: Starting Load/Save OS Random Seed... 272[ 31.935392] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. 273[ 31.935428] i8042: Probing ports directly. 274[ 31.947922] serio: i8042 KBD port at 0x60,0x64 irq 1 275[ 31.953838] serio: i8042 AUX port at 0x60,0x64 irq 12 276[ 31.957826] systemd[1]: TPM2 SRK Setup was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionSecurity=measured-uki). 277[ 32.119453] systemd[1]: Finished Load Kernel Modules. 278[ 32.529635] systemd[1]: Starting Apply Kernel Variables... 279[ 33.067259] systemd[1]: Mounted FUSE Control File System. 280[ 33.277911] systemd[1]: Mounted Kernel Configuration File System. 281[ 34.285015] systemd[1]: Starting User Database Manager... 282[ 34.330248] systemd[1]: Started Journal Service. 283[ 36.498975] systemd-journald[204]: Received client request to flush runtime journal. 284[ 36.692478] systemd-journald[204]: /var/log/journal/ad4c5ba281d14082be97c8302df2e2d1/system.journal: Journal file uses a different sequence number ID, rotating. 285[ 36.692584] systemd-journald[204]: Rotating system journal. 286[ 55.038963] input: AT Translated Set 2 keyboard as /devices/platform/i8042/serio0/input/input0 287[ 56.720465] Adding 524188k swap on /dev/sdb2. Priority:-2 extents:1 across:524188k 288[ 63.090037] input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input2 289[ 63.288005] piix4_smbus 0000:00:07.3: SMBus Host Controller at 0x5000, revision 0 290[ 63.751197] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: registered as rtc0 291[ 63.777057] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: setting system clock to 2025-12-03T20:24:22 UTC (1764793462) 292[ 63.777822] rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: alarms up to one day, 114 bytes nvram 293[ 65.722278] gameport gameport0: EMU10K1 is pci0000:00:0c.1/gameport0, io 0xe800, speed 1200kHz 294[ 65.968004] psmouse serio1: hgpk: ID: 10 00 64 295[ 66.552630] input: PS/2 Generic Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input3 296[ 68.203619] PCI: setting IRQ 10 as level-triggered 297[ 68.203695] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 10 298[ 68.203762] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:0c.0 299[ 68.215601] nvidiafb: Device ID: 10de0322 300[ 68.218516] nvidiafb 0000:00:08.0: vgaarb: deactivate vga console 301[ 68.226784] Console: switching to colour dummy device 80x25 302[ 68.249024] nvidiafb: CRTC0 analog found 303[ 68.256076] nvidiafb: CRTC1 analog not found 304[ 68.293712] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice 305[ 68.943170] nvidiafb: EDID found from BUS1 306[ 69.056196] i2c i2c-2: unable to read EDID block. 307[ 69.207987] i2c i2c-2: unable to read EDID block. 308[ 69.354524] i2c i2c-2: unable to read EDID block. 309[ 69.404152] nvidiafb: CRTC 0 appears to have a CRT attached 310[ 69.404218] nvidiafb: Using CRT on CRTC 0 311[ 69.417243] fbcon: NV32 (fb0) is primary device 312[ 69.684678] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 240x67 313[ 69.717982] nvidiafb: PCI nVidia NV32 framebuffer (64MB @ 0xE0000000) 314[ 72.835039] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 10 315[ 72.835039] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:08.0 316[ 73.560923] irq 10: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) 317[ 73.560923] CPU: 0 PID: 273 Comm: (udev-worker) Not tainted 6.9.7-arch1-1.2 #1 00f4d872e619c93a2fd3dfaa7198b1045c00f8c9 318[ 73.560923] Call Trace: 319[ 73.560923] <IRQ> 320[ 73.560923] dump_stack_lvl+0x41/0x60 321[ 73.560923] dump_stack+0xd/0x12 322[ 73.560923] __report_bad_irq+0x38/0xa4 323[ 73.560923] note_interrupt.cold+0xc/0x57 324[ 73.560923] handle_irq_event+0x69/0x70 325[ 73.560923] ? __irq_disable+0xa0/0xa0 326[ 73.560923] handle_level_irq+0x7a/0x160 327[ 73.560923] __handle_irq+0x52/0x90 328[ 73.560923] </IRQ> 329[ 73.560923] <SOFTIRQ> 330[ 73.560923] __common_interrupt+0x36/0xb0 331[ 73.560923] common_interrupt+0x2a/0x50 332[ 73.560923] asm_common_interrupt+0x102/0x140 333[ 73.560923] EIP: handle_softirqs+0x6e/0x250 334[ 73.560923] Code: 64 a1 00 2a 3e c9 ba 00 01 00 00 e8 dc 3c 05 00 c7 45 e0 0a 00 00 00 89 75 e4 89 5d dc 31 c0 64 66 a3 14 2a 3e c9 fb 0f bc cf <75> 05 b9 ff ff ff ff 89 cb b8 80 70 15 c9 83 c3 01 74 78 89 c6 89 335[ 73.560923] EAX: 00000000 EBX: 00400140 ECX: 00000001 EDX: 00000000 336[ 73.560923] ESI: fffc8698 EDI: 00000002 EBP: c1113ff0 ESP: c1113fcc 337[ 73.560923] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00000206 338[ 73.560923] ? call_function_single_prep_ipi+0x2b/0xa0 339[ 73.560923] ? handle_softirqs+0x6e/0x250 340[ 73.560923] ? __lock_text_end+0x3/0x3 341[ 73.560923] __do_softirq+0xf/0x13 342[ 73.560923] do_softirq_own_stack+0x26/0x70 343[ 73.560923] </SOFTIRQ> 344[ 73.560923] irq_exit_rcu+0x72/0xb0 345[ 73.560923] common_interrupt+0x2f/0x50 346[ 73.560923] asm_common_interrupt+0x102/0x140 347[ 73.560923] EIP: preempt_schedule_irq+0x29/0x60 348[ 73.560923] Code: 00 3e 8d 74 26 00 64 f7 05 04 2a 3e c9 ff ff ff 7f 75 3e 9c 58 f6 c4 02 75 37 55 89 e5 64 ff 05 04 2a 3e c9 fb b8 01 00 00 00 <e8> 32 e5 ff ff fa 64 a1 00 2a 3e c9 64 ff 0d 04 2a 3e c9 8b 00 a8 349[ 73.560923] EAX: 00000001 EBX: de2518f4 ECX: 00000003 EDX: 00000000 350[ 73.560923] ESI: 00000030 EDI: 00000000 EBP: de2518c8 ESP: de2518c8 351[ 73.560923] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00000202 352[ 73.560923] ? __traceiter_free_vmap_area_noflush+0xb/0x60 353[ 73.560923] ? cache_dma_show+0x8/0x30 354[ 73.560923] ? cache_dma_show+0x8/0x30 355[ 73.560923] ? preempt_schedule_irq+0x29/0x60 356[ 73.560923] raw_irqentry_exit_cond_resched+0x30/0x40 357[ 73.560923] irqentry_exit+0x1d/0x50 358[ 73.560923] common_interrupt+0x38/0x50 359[ 73.560923] asm_common_interrupt+0x102/0x140 360[ 73.560923] EIP: _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x1d/0x40 361[ 73.560923] Code: e8 b0 18 00 00 31 c0 5d 31 d2 31 c9 c3 3e 8d 74 26 00 55 89 d1 89 e5 c6 00 00 8d 76 00 80 e5 02 74 01 fb 64 ff 0d 04 2a 3e c9 <74> 11 5d 31 c0 31 d2 31 c9 c3 2e 8d b4 26 00 00 00 00 90 e8 73 18 362[ 73.560923] EAX: c110c870 EBX: c110c800 ECX: 00000246 EDX: 00000246 363[ 73.560923] ESI: c2d9edc0 EDI: 00000000 EBP: de251950 ESP: de251950 364[ 73.560923] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00000286 365[ 73.560923] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x1d/0x40 366[ 73.560923] __setup_irq+0x2f5/0x5f0 367[ 73.560923] request_threaded_irq+0xc1/0x190 368[ 73.560923] devm_request_threaded_irq+0x54/0xb0 369[ 73.560923] ? snd_emu10k1_resume_regs+0xe0/0xe0 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 370[ 73.560923] snd_emu10k1_create+0x429/0x720 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 371[ 73.560923] snd_card_emu10k1_probe+0xd1/0x3c0 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 372[ 73.560923] pci_device_probe+0xa3/0x190 373[ 73.560923] really_probe+0xc2/0x310 374[ 73.560923] ? pm_runtime_barrier+0x51/0x90 375[ 73.560923] __driver_probe_device+0x71/0x140 376[ 73.560923] driver_probe_device+0x1f/0xb0 377[ 73.560923] __driver_attach+0xb7/0x1c0 378[ 73.560923] ? __device_attach_driver+0x110/0x110 379[ 73.560923] bus_for_each_dev+0x62/0xb0 380[ 73.560923] driver_attach+0x19/0x20 381[ 73.560923] ? __device_attach_driver+0x110/0x110 382[ 73.560923] bus_add_driver+0xe6/0x1c0 383[ 73.560923] ? pci_bus_num_vf+0x20/0x20 384[ 73.560923] driver_register+0x6d/0xd0 385[ 73.560923] __pci_register_driver+0x41/0x50 386[ 73.560923] ? 0xe0d7f000 387[ 73.560923] emu10k1_driver_init+0x1c/0x1000 [snd_emu10k1 3249cfd8d98bb8ec94b1471be92d0cf61aa675c9] 388[ 73.560923] do_one_initcall+0x40/0x2b0 389[ 73.560923] ? kmalloc_trace+0xfe/0x2f0 390[ 73.560923] ? do_init_module+0x21/0x1f0 391[ 73.560923] do_init_module+0x55/0x1f0 392[ 73.560923] load_module+0x17da/0x19e0 393[ 73.560923] init_module_from_file+0x71/0xb0 394[ 73.560923] __ia32_sys_finit_module+0x11b/0x280 395[ 73.560923] ia32_sys_call+0x1b63/0x21d0 396[ 73.560923] do_int80_syscall_32+0x52/0x90 397[ 73.560923] ? mntput_no_expire+0x3a/0x220 398[ 73.560923] ? mntput+0x20/0x50 399[ 73.560923] ? terminate_walk+0xf0/0x100 400[ 73.560923] ? path_openat+0x933/0xf10 401[ 73.560923] ? do_filp_open+0x90/0x130 402[ 73.560923] ? _copy_from_user+0x49/0x60 403[ 73.560923] ? __rseq_handle_notify_resume+0x247/0x420 404[ 73.560923] ? putname+0x4f/0x80 405[ 73.560923] ? switch_fpu_return+0x47/0xd0 406[ 73.560923] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x82/0x1c0 407[ 73.560923] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 408[ 73.560923] ? putname+0x4f/0x80 409[ 73.560923] ? putname+0x4f/0x80 410[ 73.560923] ? __ia32_sys_statx+0x5c/0x70 411[ 73.560923] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x82/0x1c0 412[ 73.560923] ? do_int80_syscall_32+0x5c/0x90 413[ 73.560923] ? switch_fpu_return+0x47/0xd0 414[ 73.560923] ? irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0x63/0x180 415[ 73.560923] ? irqentry_exit+0x45/0x50 416[ 73.560923] ? common_interrupt+0x38/0x50 417[ 73.560923] entry_INT80_32+0xf0/0xf0 418[ 73.560923] EIP: 0xb65df5d2 419[ 73.560923] Code: f0 ff c3 66 90 66 90 90 55 57 56 53 8b 6c 24 2c 8b 7c 24 28 8b 74 24 24 8b 54 24 20 8b 4c 24 1c 8b 5c 24 18 8b 44 24 14 cd 80 <5b> 5e 5f 5d 3d 01 f0 ff ff 0f 83 1f d0 f0 ff c3 66 90 66 90 66 90 420[ 73.560923] EAX: ffffffda EBX: 00000025 ECX: b66e73f4 EDX: 00000004 421[ 73.560923] ESI: 10e81370 EDI: 10e7d760 EBP: bfa6a688 ESP: bfa6a62c 422[ 73.560923] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 0000 GS: 0033 SS: 007b EFLAGS: 00000292 423[ 73.560923] handlers: 424[ 73.560923] [<8a6dad02>] snd_emu10k1_interrupt [snd_emu10k1] 425[ 73.560923] Disabling IRQ #10 426[ 73.574596] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: Installing spdif_bug patch: SB Audigy 2 ZS [SB0350]
lspci outputs are identical, so the IRQs haven't changed but dmesg outputs are different with verbose details.
IRQ assignment for NVIDIA (#10), Audigy (#10) and USB (#11) appear to be the same.
Linux logged "nobody cared" for IRQ10s with EMU10K1 module loaded -> disabled IRQ10. Looks like the Linux Nvidia drivers are incomplete and Linux doesn't know which drivers to blame.
[ 3.135431] usb usb1-port1: over-current condition
[ 3.247291] usb usb1-port2: over-current condition
There are two possible drivers installed: nvidiafb and nouveau. The first is useful for framebuffer only. To run X11, I need nouveau, but it depends on the wmi module, which requires ACPI, so I'm not able to load it.
Can you expand on what you meant with nvidiafb driver being "incomplete"?
There was nothing plugged into the USB ports today .
Ah, you are referring to the dmesg from a message that I deleted (because I mixed up the BIOS changes vs no BIOS changes versions and re-logged them) . Good catch!
There was nothing attached to it today.
It seems to have disappeared afterwards. The ports don't seem to be too dirty either... Would you like me to plug in some USB devices in Linux and see what dmesg says?
By the way, after returning the BIOS settings to the "good" state and rebooting into Windows, I'm getting lock ups with USB enabled in the device tree again. I guess it was never fixed, I just didn't test it long enough...
Can you expand on what you meant with nvidiafb driver being "incomplete"?
Sure. Nvidia and Audigy were the only known devices on IRQ10. An unknown hardware device was dispatching interrupts on IRQ10.
The EMU10K1 (Audigy) module registered a handler, and that handler rejected those interrupts - this suggests the interrupts did not originate from the Audigy card.
The Nvidia module didn't register a handler - this is suspicious.
Linux couldn't find a driver to service continuous interrupts on IRQ10 - this is a bad situation. To protect the system from handling spurious messages Linux disabled IRQ10. Linux did the right thing because if there are no drivers for the hardware then that hardware needs to be ignored. This makes the Audigy look bad but it probably wasn't responsible.
Last edited by MattRocks on 2025-12-04, 03:21. Edited 1 time in total.
By the way, after returning the BIOS settings to the "good" state and rebooting into Windows, I'm getting lock ups with USB enabled in the device tree again. I guess it was never fixed, I just didn't test it long enough...
hydraphonewrote on 2025-12-04, 03:33:MattRocks, thanks for the explanation. When you say "EMU10K1 (Audigy) module registered a handler", are you referring to these l […] Show full quote
MattRocks, thanks for the explanation. When you say "EMU10K1 (Audigy) module registered a handler", are you referring to these lines?
1[ 71.191409] nvidiafb: PCI nVidia NV32 framebuffer (64MB @ 0xE0000000) 2[ 74.285227] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: found PCI INT A -> IRQ 10 3[ 74.285336] snd_emu10k1 0000:00:0c.0: sharing IRQ 10 with 0000:00:08.0 4[ 75.081895] irq 10: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) 5... 6[ 75.088211] handlers: 7[ 75.088322] [<cd7c1ead>] snd_emu10k1_interrupt [snd_emu10k1]
which shows only one interrupt handler for IRQ #10?
Unfortunately, there is no option to disable USB in the BIOS.
Exactly - where is the Nvidia interrupt handler?
Maybe Windows will be fine disabling USB in the device manager. If you can achieve system stability with USB disabled then you can stop troubleshooting PCI cards and focus on fixing the USB controller.
That indeed works, been playing music for ~1 hour with USB disabled in the device manager, no issues.
Not sure how to fix the USB, and although it is not ideal, the PC is usable for now ---the onboard USB is USB 1.1 anyways, will try the NEC PCI USB card once it arrives (in a week or so).
That indeed works, been playing music for ~1 hour with USB disabled in the device manager, no issues.
Not sure how to fix the USB, and although it is not ideal, the PC is usable for now ---the onboard USB is USB 1.1 anyways, will try the NEC PCI USB card once it arrives (in a week or so).
Early USB controllers predate most consumers having any USB devices to test with so Lucky Star (and others) were shipping blind. That has always been normal in the PC industry - companies ship features first, then worry about distributing fixes later. There was a famous game that never actually shipped the fixes - famous for being unplayable, and I forgot its name now.
Fixes might be BIOS updates or chipset driver updates. Can you share the version of your current BIOS?
Adding a PCI card means another set of IRQs to handle - doing that might compound the problems. If you cannot prevent your onboard USB controller taking an IRQ, the only way to not increase IRQ tensions would be to "fix" the onboard USB controller.
Do you see the disable USB IRQ option (screenshot from the manual)? That probably was the "fix" before USB standardised/stabilised. If not - are you able to disable any of the USB add-ons: USB Legacy Support? USB Keyboard Legacy? USB Mouse Legacy? USB ZIP-drive?
This motherboard is from 1999, so I'd say it is not that old. It actually barely missed USB 2.0.
Regarding the USB IRQ option, if you are referring to the "Assign IRQ for USB" option, yes, that is what I toggled in my previous post above, which, after all, couldn't fix the lock ups.
I'm confused, so I'm going to dump my thoughts and bow out.
To recap what I think your latest glitch is: Enabling USB locks the system up and you want to enable USB.
BIOS settings include "Assign IRQ to USB: Disabled."
Linux shows USB is on IRQ3.
Windows works with USB disabled in device manager. Is FireWire also disabled in Windows?
Suggestion: Take notes of current system setup because you have Audio and Video working in Windows, and this might be the best you will get.
Y2025 view: I am not confident your USB controller is in good physical health. Bad firmware or Power issues (short in a socket, failing capacitor, failing resistor) and those may be fixable with a different lens. I'd blow compressed air in the ports, look for bent metal, and look for signs of corrosion (e.g. white powder around resistors, black powder around capacitors) - but, I wouldn't really know what to do if I found something suspicious because those challenges did not exist in Y2000.
Y2000 view: If you set "Assign IRQ to USB: Enabled" we expect USB IRQ3 to change to IRQ11, and Audigy IRQ10 to change to IRQ11. Why would a BIOS do that? Because it's traditional for the logic in IRQ routing to be cryptic, deterministic, and IRQ11 is what we previously saw! We expect Linux to show USB and Audigy sharing IRQ11 - right? And, if USB remains disabled in Windows all should still work - maybe, but IRQs changed so maybe not! So then we should be able to move the Audigy to another PCI slot and see IRQ change again, in Linux. Meanwhile, if USB remains disabled in Windows all should continue working - maybe, maybe not!
Moving forward could get confusing because when you reseat an Audigy, you expect to reassign IRQs for disjointed parts: DSP, FireWire, MIDI and virtual devices like SB16 emulator. Checking /proc/interrupts will be easier than reading logs. Just see if you can find a spread where USB, Nvidiafb, and EMU10K1 (the Linux module) are reported on different IRQs. Then check Windows is still okay - it might be happy because the actual hardware is spread, but Windows is seeing extra virtual devices and assigning more IRQs so it's a bit automagic. If Windows is happy, then cross fingers and enable USB*. If that also works then you were just unlucky in the OP.
* Actually, in anticipation of a clash, I'd disable every Audigy part you don't use before enabling USB - might as well try that first rather than go full circle.
Rosewill 212 arrived, and you guessed it right, more problems!
Plugged it in PCI slot #3 (NVIDIA in #1, Audigy in #4), and connected the boot disk to Rosewill. Changed the boot order to SCSI, C, A from BIOS. I see the NVIDIA BIOS, Motherboard BIOS, and the Rosewill BIOS which lists the SSD. Then blinking cursor forever...
Apparently, in some systems, Rosewill 212 will only boot when it's placed in the first PCI slot. Swapped NVIDIA and Rosewill.
I see the Windows splash screen, then an error in an MS-DOS screen: "Internal structure overflow windows has stopped" followed by a text telling me I need to press CTRL + ALT + DEL to reboot. I reboot, the error changes slightly, each time, complaining about memory or missing himem.sys etc. Decided to move it back to IDE2SAT2 adapter to install its drivers from https://archive.org/download/rosewill-driver- … ill_Ver.7.5.iso Booting from, I'm getting the same himem.sys error, so apparently, Rosewill got the files corrupted. Not sure what's going on.
Restored the system, returned to IDE2SAT2, installed Rosewill drivers.
Thanks MattRocks, I'm also baffled and close to throwing in the towel. I will try moving Audigy around while playing around with the BIOS settings. That being said, I've also started looking for a new old stock 440BX or 440LX (or an Intel 815) motherboard with less finicky PCI slots + an AGP card. Some people enjoy dealing with hardware issues/limitations, but in my case, I just wanted to enjoy using the W98SE Mendocino build that I had a few decades ago again.
Ultimately the permutations are determined by the copper in your motherboard - no software is going to work around that. Only Linux gives you clear sight of what is going on at that low level. So, remove Audigy2 drivers from Linux and dedicate Linux to exploring the low level copper.
The real problem is IRQ routing where it is important to explore permutations one change at a time. If you make 2+ changes at once, you might miss the one change that would have worked. BIOS enables/disables copper and moving the PCI card enables/disables copper. This exploration is extra delicate with the Audigy2, which forces 2+ changes every time you touch it because it delivers multiple physical controllers on one PCI card. Audigy2 won't necessarily work where a simple sound card would have worked - but it can work and you have found one permutation where it does work.
Sanity test: Take everything out except the GPU and onboard USB (fully enabled with BIOS allocated IRQ). Load Win98SE and attach your most important Win98 compatible USB device. If that USB device does not work then you have no reason to enable the USB controller - problem solved 😉
